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Spin-orbit-coupled spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates confined in radially periodic potential |
| Ji Li(李吉)1, Tianchen He(何天琛)1,†, Jing Bai(白晶)1, Bin Liu(刘斌)2, and Huan-Yu Wang(王寰宇)3 |
| 1 Department of Physics, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, China; 2 Basic Teaching Department, Shanxi Institute of Energy, Jinzhong 030600, China; 3 Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China |
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Abstract We investigate the ground states of spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) with spin-orbit coupling in a radially periodic potential by numerically solving the coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations. In the radially periodic potential, we first demonstrate that spin-orbit-coupled antiferromagnetic BECs support a multiring petal phase. Polar-core vortex can be observed from phase profiles, which is manifested as circularly symmetric distribution. We further show that spin-orbit coupling can induce multiring soliton structure in ferromagnetic BECs. It is confirmed especially that the wave-function phase of the ring corresponding to uniform distribution satisfies the rotational symmetry, and the wave-function phase of the ring corresponding to partial splitting breaks the rotational symmetry. Adjusting the spin-orbit coupling strength can control the number of petal in antiferromagnetic BECs and the winding numbers of wave-function in ferromagnetic BECs. Finally, we discuss effects of spin-independent and spin-dependent interactions on the ground states.
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Received: 07 August 2020
Revised: 01 October 2020
Accepted manuscript online: 28 October 2020
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PACS:
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03.75.Lm
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(Tunneling, Josephson effect, Bose-Einstein condensates in periodic potentials, solitons, vortices, and topological excitations)
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03.75.Mn
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(Multicomponent condensates; spinor condensates)
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67.85.Fg
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(Multicomponent condensates; spinor condensates)
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67.85.Hj
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(Bose-Einstein condensates in optical potentials)
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| Fund: Project supported by the Scientific and Technologial Innovation Program of the Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi Province, China (Grant Nos. 2019L0813, 2019L0785, and 2019L0808). |
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Corresponding Authors:
†Corresponding author. E-mail: tywlxdh@qq.com
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Cite this article:
Ji Li(李吉), Tianchen He(何天琛), Jing Bai(白晶), Bin Liu(刘斌), and Huan-Yu Wang(王寰宇) Spin-orbit-coupled spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates confined in radially periodic potential 2021 Chin. Phys. B 30 030302
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