Thermal stability and thermoelectric properties of Cd-doped nano-layered Cu2Se prepared using NaCl flux method

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/abbbf5

Abstract Cu₂Se is a promising "phonon liquid-electron crystal" thermoelectric material with excellent thermoelectric performance. In this work, Cd-doped Cu_{2 -x}SeCd_x (x = 0, 0.0075, 0.01, and 0.02) samples were prepared using NaCl flux method. The solubility of Cd in Cu₂Se at room temperature was less than 6%, and a second phase of CdSe was found in the samples with large initial Cd content (x = 0.01 and 0.02). Field-emission scanning electron microscopic image showed that the arranged lamellae formed a large-scale layered structure with an average thickness of approximately 100 nm. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that doping of Cd atoms did not destroy the crystal integrity of Cu₂Se. A small amount of Cd in Cu₂Se could reduce the electrical and thermal conductivities of the material, thus significantly enhancing its thermoelectric performance. With the increase in Cd content in the sample, the carrier concentration decreased and the mobility increased gradually. Thermogravimetric differential thermal analysis showed that no weight loss occurred below the melting point. Excessive Cd doping led to the emergence of the second phase of CdSe in the sample, thus significantly increasing the thermal conductivity of the material. A maximum ZT value of 1.67 at 700 K was obtained in the Cu_1.9925SeCd_0.0075 sample.

Keywords: thermoelectric material Cu₂Se doping and second phase NaCl flux thermoelectric transfer performance

Received: 09 July 2020
Revised: 03 September 2020
Accepted manuscript online: 28 September 2020

PACS:	74.72.-h	(Cuprate superconductors)
	72.20.Pa	(Thermoelectric and thermomagnetic effects)
	81.30.Hd	(Constant-composition solid-solid phase transformations: polymorphic, massive, and order-disorder)
	81.16.Nd	(Micro- and nanolithography)

Fund: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61864012 and 21701140) and the Program for Innovative Research Team (in Science and Technology) in University of Yunnan Province, China.

Corresponding Authors: ^†Corresponding author. E-mail: skdeng@126.com

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Jianhua Lu(陆建华), Decong Li(李德聪), Wenting Liu(刘文婷), Lanxian Shen(申兰先), Jiali Chen(陈家莉), Wen Ge(葛文), and Shukang Deng(邓书康) Thermal stability and thermoelectric properties of Cd-doped nano-layered Cu₂Se prepared using NaCl flux method 2020 Chin. Phys. B 29 127403

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Thermal stability and thermoelectric properties of Cd-doped nano-layered Cu2Se prepared using NaCl flux method

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Thermal stability and thermoelectric properties of Cd-doped nano-layered Cu₂Se prepared using NaCl flux method