Intercalation of germanium oxide beneath large-area and high-quality epitaxial graphene on Ir(111) substrate

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/abe22c

Abstract Epitaxial growth on transition metal surfaces is an effective way to prepare large-area and high-quality graphene. However, the strong interaction between graphene and metal substrates suppresses the intrinsic excellent properties of graphene and the conductive metal substrates also hinder its applications in electronics. Here we demonstrate the decoupling of graphene from metal substrates by germanium oxide intercalation. Germanium is firstly intercalated into the interface between graphene and Ir(111) substrate. Then oxygen is subsequently intercalated, leading to the formation of a GeO_x layer, which is confirmed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Low-energy electron diffraction and scanning tunneling microscopy studies show intact carbon lattice of graphene after the GeO_x intercalation. Raman characterizations reveal that the intercalated layer effectively decouples graphene from the Ir substrate. The transport measurements demonstrate that the GeO_x layer can act as a tunneling barrier in the fabricated large-area high-quality vertical graphene/GeO_x/Ir heterostructure.

Keywords: graphene intercalation heterostructure tunneling barrier

Received: 24 December 2020
Revised: 19 January 2021
Accepted manuscript online: 02 February 2021

PACS:	81.05.ue	(Graphene)
	71.20.Tx	(Fullerenes and related materials; intercalation compounds)
	79.60.Jv	(Interfaces; heterostructures; nanostructures)
	73.43.Jn	(Tunneling)

Fund: Project supported by the National Key Research & Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2019YFA0308500, 2016YFA0202300, and 2018YFA0305800), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61888102, 61925111, and 21661132006), the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant Nos. XDB30000000 and XDB28000000), and the CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics.

Corresponding Authors: ^†These authors contributed equally to this work. ^‡Corresponding author. E-mail: luhl@ucas.ac.cn

Cite this article:

Xueyan Wang(王雪艳), Hui Guo(郭辉), Jianchen Lu(卢建臣), Hongliang Lu(路红亮), Xiao Lin(林晓), Chengmin Shen(申承民), Lihong Bao(鲍丽宏), Shixuan Du(杜世萱), and Hong-Jun Gao(高鸿钧) Intercalation of germanium oxide beneath large-area and high-quality epitaxial graphene on Ir(111) substrate 2021 Chin. Phys. B 30 048102

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Intercalation of germanium oxide beneath large-area and high-quality epitaxial graphene on Ir(111) substrate

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