Weakly interacting spinor Bose-Einstein condensates with three-dimensional spin-orbit coupling

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/25/4/040305

Abstract

Starting from the Hamiltonian of the second quantization form, the weakly interacting Bose-Einstein condensate with spin-orbit coupling of Weyl type is investigated. It is found that the SU(2) nonsymmetric term, i.e., the spin-dependent interaction, can lift the degeneracy of the ground states with respect to the z component of the total angular momentum J_z, casting the ground condensate state into a configuration of zero J_z. This ground state density profile can also be affirmed by minimizing the full Gross-Pitaevskii energy functional. The spin texture of the zero J_z state indicates that it is a knot structure, whose fundamental group is π₃(M)π₃(S²)=Z.

Keywords: Bose-Einstein condensate spin-orbit coupling knot

Received: 06 November 2015
Revised: 16 December 2015
Accepted manuscript online:

PACS:	03.75.Lm	(Tunneling, Josephson effect, Bose-Einstein condensates in periodic potentials, solitons, vortices, and topological excitations)
	03.75.Mn	(Multicomponent condensates; spinor condensates)
	67.85.Fg	(Multicomponent condensates; spinor condensates)
	67.85.Jk	(Other Bose-Einstein condensation phenomena)

Fund:

Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11447178).

Corresponding Authors: Shu-Wei Song
E-mail: japical@live.cn

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Shu-Wei Song(宋淑伟), Rui Sun(孙蕊), Hong Zhao(赵洪), Xuan Wang(王暄), Bao-Zhong Han(韩宝忠) Weakly interacting spinor Bose-Einstein condensates with three-dimensional spin-orbit coupling 2016 Chin. Phys. B 25 040305

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Weakly interacting spinor Bose-Einstein condensates with three-dimensional spin-orbit coupling

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