1 College of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China; 2 School of Material Science and Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China; 3 State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics, Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Xi'an 710119, China
Abstract Integrating the magneto-optical effect into a waveguide-based photonic device becomes more and more interesting. In the work, the planar optical waveguide firstly was prepared in a terbium gallium garnet crystal (TGG) via the proton implantation with the energy of 4 MeV and the fluence of 6 ions/μm. Subsequently, a femtosecond laser with a central wavelength of 800 nm and a power of 3 mW was used to ablate the surface of the planar waveguide, forming the ridge optical waveguide. The dark-mode curve of the planar waveguide was measured by a prism coupling technique. The top-view morphology of the ridge waveguide was observed via a Nikon microscope. The mode field distributions of the planar and ridge waveguides were obtained by an end-face coupling system, and the propagation losses of the two waveguides were measured to be 2.26 dB/cm and 2.58 dB/cm, respectively. The Verdet constants were measured to be /Tcm for the TGG substrate and /Tcm for the ridge waveguide. The TGG waveguides have a potential in the fabrication of magneto-optical waveguide devices.
Fund: Project supported by the Postgraduate Research and Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province, China (Grant No. KYCX24_1133), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11405041), the Key Research and Development Program of Jiangxi Province, China (Grant No. 20223BBE51020), and the Opening Fund of Key Laboratory of Rare Earths (Chinese Academy of Sciences).
Corresponding Authors:
Chun-Xiao Liu
E-mail: chunxiaoliu@njupt.edu.cn
Cite this article:
Chun-Xiao Liu(刘春晓), Zi-Hao Wang(王子昊), Bei-Er Guo(郭贝尔), Rui Yuan(袁睿), Yi-Fan Wang(王逸凡), Yu-Hang Zhou(周雨航), Jia-Bin Sun(孙家彬), Liao-Lin Zhang(张料林), and Hai-Tao Guo(郭海涛) Guiding and magneto-optical properties of TGG waveguide by proton implantation combined with femtosecond laser ablation 2025 Chin. Phys. B 34 054207
[1] Carothers K J, Norwood R A and Pyun J 2022 Chem. Mater. 34 2531 [2] Pintus P, Ranzani L, Pinna S, Huang D, Gustafsson M V, Karinou F, Casula G A, Shoji Y, Takamura Y, Mizumoto T, Soltani M and Bowers J E 2022 Nat. Electron. 5 604 [3] Shoji Y and Mizumoto T 2018 Opt. Mater. Express 8 2387 [4] Chen T B, Yu Y X, Li L C, Zhu J, Cong M H and Song J Y 2021 J. Cryst. Growth 562 126090 [5] Wu Z, Zhang Z H, Zhang Z, Zhou S Y, Su L B andWu A H 2024 Chin. J. Quantum Electron. 41 194 (in Chinese) [6] Jin WZ, Ding J X, Guo L, Gu Q, Li C, Su L B, Wu A H and Zeng F M 2018 J. Cryst. Growth 484 17 [7] Snetkov I and Li J 2022 Magnetochemistry 8 168 [8] Chen S, Zhuo M P, Wang X D, Wei G Q and Liao L S 2021 PhotoniX 2 1 [9] Fan Y L, Yang X B, Lian H D, Chen R K, Zhu P B, Deng D M, Liu H Z and Wei Z C 2024 Chin. Phys. B 33 034201 [10] Zhao D, Fan F, Li T F, Tan Z Y, Cheng J R and Chang S J 2022 Sci. China Inf. Sci. 65 169401 [11] Okamoto K 2021 Fundamentals of optical waveguides (Amsterdam: Elsevier) p. 15 [12] Lu Y, Yin H Y, Chen B K, Zhang L L, Fu L L, Yue Q Y, Zheng R L, Lin S B and Liu C X 2022 Mod. Phys. Lett. B 36 2150581 [13] Bazzan M and Sada C 2015 Appl. Phys. Rev. 2 040603 [14] Minemura D, Kou R, Sutoh Y, Murai T, Yamada K and Shoji Y 2023 Opt. Express 31 27821 [15] Huang L Q, Wu H Y, Cai G X, Wu S X, Li D R, Jiang T, Qiao B Y, Jiang C Z and Ren F 2024 ACS Nano 18 2578 [16] Pan H, Shi W H, Zhang Z X, Chen H Y, Fu L L, Zhang L L, Lin S B and Liu C X 2023 J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 34 1091 [17] You J L, Wang Y S, Wang T, Zhang L L, Fu L L, Yue Q Y, Wang X F, Zheng R L and Liu C X 2022 Chin. Phys. B 31 114203 [18] Liu C X, Liu T, Liu X H, Wei W and Peng B 2011 Chin. Phys. Lett. 28 114205 [19] Chen F, Amekura H and Jia Y C 2020 Ion irradiation of dielectrics for photonic applications (Singapore: Springer-Nature) pp. 7-10 [20] Zhao J, Ni X, Huo Y Y, Sun W, Zhang L L and Liu C X 2024 Phys. Scr. 99 055560 [21] He S, Zhang Z Y, Liu H L, Akhmadaliev S, Zhou S Q, Wang X P and Wu P F 2019 Appl. Phys. Express 12 076502 [22] Xu H, Li Z Q, Pang C, Li R, Li G L, Akhmadaliev Sh, Zhou S Q, Lu Q M, Jia Y C and Chen F 2022 Chin. Phys. B 31 094209 [23] Chen F and Aldana J R V de 2014 Laser Photon. Rev. 8 251 [24] Zhang J, Zhang Y, Xu J, Lin S B and Liu C X 2020 Vacuum 172 109093 [25] Peyton R, Guarepi V, Videla F and Torchia G A 2020 Opt. Laser Technol. 125 106059 [26] Wang Y, Shen X L, Zhu Q F and Liu C X 2018 Opt. Mater. Express 8 3288 [27] Ziegler J F 2023 SRIM—The Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter http://www.srim.org [28] Chandler P J and Lama F L 1986 Opt. Acta 33 127 [29] Rsoft Design Group 2023 Computer software BeamPROP version 8.0 http://www.rsoftdesign.com [30] Liu C X, Sun W, Zhang J Y, Fu L L, Yun L and Zhang L L 2024 Opt. Eng. 63 017102 [31] Liu C X, Zhao J, Hua Z Y, Yang Y C, Sun W, Zhang L L and Wang X F 2023 Results Phys. 54 107103 [32] Zhao D, Fan F, Xue Q,Wang H, Ji Y Y, Yang Q H,Wen Q Y and Chang S J 2024 Adv. Funct. Mater. 34 2404881 [33] Zhao D, Fan F, Tan Z Y, Wang H and Chang S J 2023 Laser Photon. Rev. 17 2200509 [34] Tan Z Y, Fan F, Zhao D, Wang H, Li S S, Guan S N, Cheng J R, Ji Y Y and Chang S J 2024 Laser Photon. Rev. 18 2301008 [35] Zhao D, Fan F, Liu J Y, Tan Z Y, Wang H, Yang Q H, Wen Q Y and Chang S J 2023 Optica 10 1295
Structure and luminescence of a-plane GaN on r-plane sapphire substrate modified by Si implantation Lijie Huang(黄黎杰), Lin Li(李琳), Zhen Shang(尚震), Mao Wang(王茂), Junjie Kang(康俊杰), Wei Luo(罗巍), Zhiwen Liang(梁智文), Slawomir Prucnal, Ulrich Kentsch, Yanda Ji(吉彦达), Fabi Zhang(张法碧), Qi Wang(王琦), Ye Yuan(袁冶), Qian Sun(孙钱), Shengqiang Zhou(周生强), and Xinqiang Wang(王新强). Chin. Phys. B, 2021, 30(5): 056104.
No Suggested Reading articles found!
Viewed
Full text
Abstract
Cited
Altmetric
blogs
tweeters
Facebook pages
Wikipedia page
Google+ users
Online attention
Altmetric calculates a score based on the online attention an article receives. Each coloured thread in the circle represents a different type of online attention. The number in the centre is the Altmetric score. Social media and mainstream news media are the main sources that calculate the score. Reference managers such as Mendeley are also tracked but do not contribute to the score. Older articles often score higher because they have had more time to get noticed. To account for this, Altmetric has included the context data for other articles of a similar age.
