Controllable synthesis of fullerene nano/microcrystals and their structural transformation induced by high pressure

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/22/09/098109

Abstract Fullerene molecules are interesting materials because of their unique structures and properties in mechanical, electrical, magnetic, and optical aspects. Current research is focusing on the construction of well-defined fullerene nano/microcrystals that possess desirable structures and morphologies. Further tuning the intermolecular interaction of the fullerene nano/microcrystals by use of pressure is an efficient way to modify their structures and properties, such as creation of nanoscale polymer structures and new hybrid materials, which expands the potential of such nanoscale materials for direct device components. In this paper, we review our recent progress in the construction of fullerene nanostructures and their structural transformation induced by high pressure. Fullerene nano/microcrystals with controllable size, morphology and structure have been synthesized through the self-assembly of fullerene molecules by a solvent-assisted method. By virtue of high pressure, the structures, components, and intermolecular interactions of the assemblied fullerene nano/microcrystals can be finely tuned, thereby modifying the optical and electronic properties of the nanostructures. Several examples on high pressure induced novel structural phase transition in typical fullerene nanocrystals with C₆₀ or C₇₀ cage serving as building blocks are presented, including high pressure induced amorphization of the nanocrystals and their bulk moduli, high pressure and high temperature (HPHT) induced polymerization in C₆₀ nanocrystals, pressure tuned reversible polymerization in ferrocene-doped C₆₀/C₇₀ single crystal, as well as unique long-range ordered crystal with amorphous nanoclusters serving as building blocks in solvated C₆₀ crystals, which brings new physical insight into the understanding of order and disorder concept and new approaches to the design of superhard carbon materials. The nanosize and morphology effects on the transformations of fullerene nanocrystals have also been discussed. These results provide the foundation for the fabrication of pre-designed and controllable geometries, which is critical in fullerenes and relevant materials for designing nanometer-scale electronic, optical, and other devices.

Keywords: fullerenes nanocrystals high pressure polymerization structural transitions

Received: 16 August 2013
Accepted manuscript online:

PACS:	81.40.Vw	(Pressure treatment)
	61.48.-c	(Structure of fullerenes and related hollow and planar molecular structures)
	68.37.Og	(High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM))
	81.30.Hd	(Constant-composition solid-solid phase transformations: polymorphic, massive, and order-disorder)

Fund: Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2011CB808200), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 10979001, 11104105, 51025206, and 51032001), the Cheung Kong Scholars Programme of China, and the Changjiang Scholar and Innovative Research Team in Universities of China (Grant No. IRT1132).

Corresponding Authors: Liu Bing-Bing
E-mail: liubb@jlu.edu.cn

Cite this article:

Yao Ming-Guang (姚明光), Du Ming-Run (杜明润), Liu Bing-Bing (刘冰冰) Controllable synthesis of fullerene nano/microcrystals and their structural transformation induced by high pressure 2013 Chin. Phys. B 22 098109

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Controllable synthesis of fullerene nano/microcrystals and their structural transformation induced by high pressure

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