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Impact of Co2+ substitution on structure and magnetic properties of M-type strontium ferrite with different Fe/Sr ratios |
| Yang Sun(孙洋)1,2, Ruoshui Liu(刘若水)3, Huayang Gong(宫华扬)2, and Baogen Shen(沈保根)1,2,3,4,† |
1 School of Rare Earths, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;
2 Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou 341119, China;
3 Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China;
4 Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China |
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Abstract Ion substitution has significantly improved the performance of ferrite magnets, and cobalt remains a key area of research. Studies on the mechanism of Co$^{2+}$ in strontium ferrite, especially SrFe$_{2n-x}$Co$_{x}$O$_{19-\delta }$ ($n = 6.1$-5.4; $x = 0.05$-0.20) synthesized using the ceramic method, showed that Co$^{2+}$ preferentially enters the lattice as the Fe/Sr ratio decreases. This results in a decrease in the lattice constants $a$ and $c$ due to oxygen vacancies and iron ion deficiency. The impact of Co substitution on morphology is minor compared to the effect of the Fe/Sr ratio. As the Fe/Sr ratio decreases and the Co content increases, the saturation magnetization decreases. The magnetic anisotropy field exhibits a nonlinear change, generally increasing with higher Fe/Sr ratios and Co content. These changes in the performance of permanent magnets are attributed to the absence of Fe$^{3+}$ ions at the $12k + 2a$ and 2$b$ sites and the substitution of Co$^{2+}$ at the 2$b$ site. This suggests that by adjusting the Fe/Sr ratio and appropriate Co substitution, the magnetic anisotropy field of M-type strontium ferrite can be effectively optimized.
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Received: 25 March 2024
Revised: 06 July 2024
Accepted manuscript online: 19 July 2024
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PACS:
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75.30.Gw
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(Magnetic anisotropy)
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75.47.Lx
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(Magnetic oxides)
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87.64.kp
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(Raman)
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68.55.Ln
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(Defects and impurities: doping, implantation, distribution, concentration, etc.)
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| Fund: We gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the Research Projects of Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. E355B001), Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. ZDRW-CN-2021-3), and Science Center of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52088101). |
Corresponding Authors:
Baogen Shen
E-mail: shenbaogen@nimte.ac.cn
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Cite this article:
Yang Sun(孙洋), Ruoshui Liu(刘若水), Huayang Gong(宫华扬), and Baogen Shen(沈保根) Impact of Co2+ substitution on structure and magnetic properties of M-type strontium ferrite with different Fe/Sr ratios 2024 Chin. Phys. B 33 107506
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