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Anisotropy of 2H-NbSe2 in the superconducting and charge density wave states |
| Chi Zhang(张驰)1,2,4,5, Shan Qiao(乔山)1,4,5, Hong Xiao(肖宏)3, and Tao Hu(胡涛)2,† |
1 State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China;
2 Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;
3 Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Beijing 100094, China;
4 CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics(CENSE), Shanghai 200050, China;
5 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China |
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Abstract Anisotropy is an important feature of layered materials, and a large anisotropy is usually related to the two-dimensional characteristics. We investigated the anisotropy of the layered transition metal dicalcogenide 2H-NbSe$_2$ in the superconducting and charge density wave (CDW) states using magnetotransport measurements. In the superconducting state, the normalized $H_{\rm c2}^{||c}/H_{\rm p}$ is independent of the thickness of 2H-NbSe$_2$, while $H_{\rm c2}^{||ab}/H_{\rm p}$ increases significantly with decreasing thickness, where $H_{\rm p}$ is the Pauli limiting magnetic field and $H_{\rm c2}^{||c}$ and $H_{\rm c2}^{||ab}$ are the upper critical fields in the $c$ and $ab$ directions, respectively. It is found that the superconducting anisotropy parameter $\gamma_{H_{\rm c2}}=H_{\rm c2}^{||ab}/H_{\rm c2}^{||c}$ increases with reduction in the thickness of 2H-NbSe$_2$. In the CDW state, the angular ($\theta$) dependence of magnetoresistance, $R(H,\theta)$ scales with $H(\cos^2\theta+\gamma_{\rm CDW}^{-2}\sin^2\theta)^{1/2}$, which decreases with increasing temperature and disappears at about 40 K. It is found that the CDW anisotropy parameter $\gamma_{\rm CDW}$ is much larger than the effective mass anisotropy but does not change a lot for ultrathin and bulk samples. Our results suggest the existence of three-dimensional superconductivity and quasi-two dimensional CDWs in bulk 2H-NbSe$_2$.
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Received: 21 April 2022
Revised: 10 June 2022
Accepted manuscript online: 22 July 2022
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PACS:
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74.70.-b
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(Superconducting materials other than cuprates)
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74.78.-w
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(Superconducting films and low-dimensional structures)
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74.25.F-
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(Transport properties)
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| Fund: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11574338 and 12074038) and NSAF (Grant No. U1530402). |
Corresponding Authors:
Tao Hu
E-mail: hutao@baqis.ac.cn
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Cite this article:
Chi Zhang(张驰), Shan Qiao(乔山), Hong Xiao(肖宏), and Tao Hu(胡涛) Anisotropy of 2H-NbSe2 in the superconducting and charge density wave states 2023 Chin. Phys. B 32 047201
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