ARPES study of Y2O2Bi single crystals: Intrinsic electronic structure of Bi square nets

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/ae04d9

Abstract The Bi square net, a structural motif in a diverse array of layered compounds, has emerged as a desirable system for investigating the interplay between strong spin-orbit coupling, reduced dimensionality, and magnetism. We present a comprehensive study of Y$_{2}$O$_{2}$Bi single crystals using high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations to elucidate the intrinsic electronic structure of the Bi square net. Our findings reveal a pronounced two-dimensional character of the electronic states, with the Bi square net dominating the low-energy electronic structure. While Y$_{2}$O$_{2}$Bi itself exhibits no topological features, DFT calculations on related Bi square net compounds reveal that the surrounding crystal environment can induce non-trivial topology, as exemplified by the topological insulator LiBi. This comparative study establishes a crucial benchmark for understanding Bi square net physics and informs the design of future Bi square net-based quantum materials.

Keywords: two-dimensional materials electronic structure Bi square net spin-orbit coupling

Received: 31 July 2025
Revised: 28 August 2025
Accepted manuscript online: 09 September 2025

PACS:	71.20.-b	(Electron density of states and band structure of crystalline solids)
	71.70.Ej	(Spin-orbit coupling, Zeeman and Stark splitting, Jahn-Teller effect)
	73.20.At	(Surface states, band structure, electron density of states)
	74.25.Jb	(Electronic structure (photoemission, etc.))

Fund: This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. U2032153), the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDB25000000), the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology (Grant No. 2021ZD0302802), the Users with Excellence Program of Hefei Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. 2021HSC-UE004), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. WK2310000104).

Corresponding Authors: Sheng-Tao Cui, Zhe Sun
E-mail: shengtaocui@ustc.edu.cn;zsun@ustc.edu.cn

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Yun-Bo Wu(吴云波), Tong-Rui Li(李彤瑞), Zhi-Peng Cao(曹志鹏), Zhan-Feng Liu(刘站锋), Yu-Liang Li(李昱良), Zheng-Ming Shang(尚政明), Xin Zheng(郑新), Hui Tian(田慧), Zong-Yi Wang(王宗一), Yu-Tong Bi(毕雨桐), Hao-Yang Zhou(周浩洋), Yi Liu(刘毅), Guo-Bin Zhang(张国斌), Zheng-Tai Liu(刘正太), Da-Wei Shen(沈大伟), Li-Dong Zhang(张李东), Sheng-Tao Cui(崔胜涛), and Zhe Sun(孙喆) ARPES study of Y₂O₂Bi single crystals: Intrinsic electronic structure of Bi square nets 2026 Chin. Phys. B 35 047101

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ARPES study of Y2O2Bi single crystals: Intrinsic electronic structure of Bi square nets

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ARPES study of Y₂O₂Bi single crystals: Intrinsic electronic structure of Bi square nets