| ELECTROMAGNETISM, OPTICS, ACOUSTICS, HEAT TRANSFER, CLASSICAL MECHANICS, AND FLUID DYNAMICS |
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Wavelength and sensitivity tunable long period gratings fabricated in fluid-cladding microfibers |
| Wa Jin(金娃)1,2,†, Linke Zhang(张林克)2, Xiang Zhang(张祥)2, Ming Xu(徐铭)2, Weihong Bi(毕卫红)1,2, and Yuefeng Qi(齐跃峰)1,2 |
1 Key Laboratory for Special Fiber and Fiber Sensor of Hebei Province, Qin Huangdao 066004, China;
2 School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qin Huangdao 066004, China |
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Abstract We report the fabrication of long period gratings in fluid-cladding microfibers by directly focusing a femtosecond laser beam on the microfibers surface to induce periodical modification a long one side of the microfibers. A long period grating is fabricated in a water-cladding microfiber with a diameter of ～ 5 μm, which demonstrates a resonant attenuation of 28.53 dB at wavelength of 1588.1 nm with 10 pitches. When water cladding is changed to be refractive index oil of n=1.33 and alcohol solution with concentration of 5%, the resonance wavelength shifts to 1575.1 nm with resonant attenuation of 24.91 dB and 1594.1 nm with resonant attenuation of 35.9 dB, respectively. The long period grating demonstrates different temperature sensitivities of -0.524 nm/℃, -0.767 nm/℃ and -1.316 nm/℃ for water, alcohol solution and refractive index oil cladding microfibers, respectively, which means the alterable liquid cladding allows the availability of tunable wavelength and sensitivity. The fluid-cladding protects the microfibers from external disturbance and contamination and allows more flexibility in controlling the transmission property and sensing characteristics of long period gratings, which can be used as fiber devices and sensors for chemical, biological, and environmental applications.
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Received: 04 August 2021
Revised: 20 October 2021
Accepted manuscript online: 27 October 2021
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PACS:
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42.81.-i
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(Fiber optics)
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42.81.Pa
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(Sensors, gyros)
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42.81.Bm
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(Fabrication, cladding, and splicing)
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| Fund: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61605168 and 61735011), the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province, China (Grant Nos. F2016203392 and F2021203058), the College and University Science and Technology Research Project of Hebei Province, China (Grant No. QN2016078), and the Intramural Doctoral Foundation of Yanshan University (Grant No. B1011). |
Corresponding Authors:
Wa Jin
E-mail: jinwa@ysu.edu.cn
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Cite this article:
Wa Jin(金娃), Linke Zhang(张林克), Xiang Zhang(张祥), Ming Xu(徐铭), Weihong Bi(毕卫红), and Yuefeng Qi(齐跃峰) Wavelength and sensitivity tunable long period gratings fabricated in fluid-cladding microfibers 2022 Chin. Phys. B 31 014207
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