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Detection of invisible phonon modes in individual defect-free carbon nanotubes by gradient-field Raman scattering |
| Feng Yang(杨丰)1,3,4, Yinglu Ji(纪英露)2, Xiao Zhang(张霄)1,4, Qingxia Fan(范庆霞)1,4, Nan Zhang(张楠)1,4, Xiaogang Gu(谷孝刚)1,3,4, Zhuojian Xiao(肖卓建)1,3,4, Qiang Zhang(张强)1,4, Yanchun Wang(王艳春)1,3, Xiaochun Wu(吴晓春)2,4, Junjie Li(李俊杰)1, Weiya Zhou(周维亚)1,3,4 |
1 Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
2 National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China;
3 Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials and Structure Research, Beijing 100190, China;
4 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China |
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Abstract We provide an effective method to investigate the field gradient effect in nanoconfined plasmon–matter interaction. Aligned ultralong SWNTs without defects were grown on marked substrates, followed by assembling gold nanoparticle clusters around individual nanotubes. The Raman scattering behavior of a nanotube placed in an atomic scale nanogap between adjacent nanoparticles was studied. In addition to the expected plasmon-induced Raman enhancement up to 103, the defect-free D-mode of an individual SWNT induced by gradient field is found for the first time. When the light is confined at atomic scale, gradient field Raman scattering becomes significant and dipole-forbidden phonon modes can be activated by quadrupole Raman tensor variation, indicating breakdown of the Raman selection rules.
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Received: 14 April 2017
Revised: 06 June 2017
Accepted manuscript online:
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PACS:
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88.30.rh
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(Carbon nanotubes)
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36.20.Ng
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(Vibrational and rotational structure, infrared and Raman spectra)
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78.67.Pt
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(Multilayers; superlattices; photonic structures; metamaterials)
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76.60.Gv
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(Quadrupole resonance)
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| Fund: Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No.2012CB932302),the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.11634014,51172271,and 51372269),and the"Strategic Priority Research Program"of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant Nos.XDA09040202 and XDA09040400). |
Corresponding Authors:
Yinglu Ji, Weiya Zhou
E-mail: wyzhou@iphy.ac.cn;jiyl@nanoctr.cn
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Cite this article:
Feng Yang(杨丰), Yinglu Ji(纪英露), Xiao Zhang(张霄), Qingxia Fan(范庆霞), Nan Zhang(张楠), Xiaogang Gu(谷孝刚), Zhuojian Xiao(肖卓建), Qiang Zhang(张强), Yanchun Wang(王艳春), Xiaochun Wu(吴晓春), Junjie Li(李俊杰), Weiya Zhou(周维亚) Detection of invisible phonon modes in individual defect-free carbon nanotubes by gradient-field Raman scattering 2017 Chin. Phys. B 26 078801
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