Measurement-device-independent quantum dialogue protocol with bidirectional identity authentication

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/addd81

Abstract Quantum dialogue (QD) realizes the real-time secure bidirectional quantum communication. Measurement-deviceindependent (MDI) QD can resist all possible attacks focusing on the imperfect measurement devices and enhance QD’s practical security. However, in practical applications, any secure communication requires identity authentication as a prerequisite. In this paper, we propose an MDI QD protocol with bidirectional identity authentication. The practical communication parties can first authenticate the identity of each other simultaneously before the message exchange. In theory, our MDI QD protocol has unconditional security and the communication parties can exchange 1.5 bits of messages in each communication round with linear optical Bell state measurement. We numerically simulate the secrecy message capacity of our MDI QD protocol. Our protocol has two advantages. First, it can effectively resist the impersonation attack and enhance MDI QD’s practical security. Second, it does not require keys to assist the message exchange and has relatively high efficiency. Our protocol has application potential in the future quantum communication field.

Keywords: measurement-device-independent quantum dialogue quantum identity authentication entanglement swapping

Received: 25 March 2025
Revised: 19 May 2025
Accepted manuscript online: 28 May 2025

PACS:	03.67.Pp	(Quantum error correction and other methods for protection against decoherence)
	03.67.Hk	(Quantum communication)
	03.65.Ud	(Entanglement and quantum nonlocality)

Fund: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12175106 and 92365110) and the Postgraduate Research and Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province, China (Grant No. KYCX23-0987).

Corresponding Authors: Lan Zhou
E-mail: zhoul@njupt.edu.cn

About author: 2025-110308-250501.pdf

Cite this article:

Shi-Pu Gu(顾世浦), Jia-Wei Ying(应佳伟), Xing-Fu Wang(王兴福), Lan Zhou(周澜), and Yu-Bo Sheng(盛宇波) Measurement-device-independent quantum dialogue protocol with bidirectional identity authentication 2025 Chin. Phys. B 34 110308

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