| PHYSICS OF GASES, PLASMAS, AND ELECTRIC DISCHARGES |
Prev
Next
|
|
|
Diagnosing ratio of electron density to collision frequency of plasma surrounding scaled model in a shock tube using low-frequency alternating magnetic field phase shift |
| Ming-Xing Wu1, Kai Xie1,†, Yan Liu1, Han Xu1, Bao Zhang1, and De-Yang Tian2 |
1 School of Aerospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China;
2 Hypervelocity Aerodynamics Institute, China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, Mianyang 621000, China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract A non-contact low-frequency (LF) method of diagnosing the plasma surrounding a scaled model in a shock tube is proposed. This method utilizes the phase shift occurring after the transmission of an LF alternating magnetic field through the plasma to directly measure the ratio of the plasma loop average electron density to collision frequency. An equivalent circuit model is used to analyze the relationship of the phase shift of the magnetic field component of LF electromagnetic waves with the plasma electron density and collision frequency. The applicable range of the LF method on a given plasma scale is analyzed. The upper diagnostic limit for the ratio of the electron density (unit: m$^{-3}$) to collision frequency (unit: Hz) exceeds $1 \times 10^{11}$, enabling an electron density to exceed $1 \times 10^{20}$ m$^{-3}$ and a collision frequency to be less than 1 GHz. In this work, the feasibility of using the LF phase shift to implement the plasma diagnosis is also assessed. Diagnosis experiments on shock tube equipment are conducted by using both the electrostatic probe method and LF method. By comparing the diagnostic results of the two methods, the inversion results are relatively consistent with each other, thereby preliminarily verifying the feasibility of the LF method. The ratio of the electron density to the collision frequency has a relatively uniform distribution during the plasma stabilization. The LF diagnostic path is a loop around the model, which is suitable for diagnosing the plasma that surrounds the model. Finally, the causes of diagnostic discrepancy between the two methods are analyzed. The proposed method provides a new avenue for diagnosing high-density enveloping plasma.
|
Received: 08 December 2023
Revised: 07 February 2024
Accepted manuscript online:
|
|
PACS:
|
52.70.-m
|
(Plasma diagnostic techniques and instrumentation)
|
| |
52.70.Ds
|
(Electric and magnetic measurements)
|
| |
52.40.Db
|
(Electromagnetic (nonlaser) radiation interactions with plasma)
|
| |
07.55.Nk
|
(Magnetic shielding in instruments)
|
|
| Fund: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 52107162 and 12202479), the Science and Technology Projects of Shaanxi Province, China (Grant Nos. 2022CGBX-12 and 2022KXJ-57), and the Science and Technology Projects of Xi’an City, China (Grant Nos. 23KGDW0023-2022 and 23GXFW0011). |
Corresponding Authors:
Kai Xie,E-mail:kaixie@mail.xidian.edu.cn
E-mail: kaixie@mail.xidian.edu.cn
|
Cite this article:
Ming-Xing Wu, Kai Xie, Yan Liu, Han Xu, Bao Zhang, and De-Yang Tian Diagnosing ratio of electron density to collision frequency of plasma surrounding scaled model in a shock tube using low-frequency alternating magnetic field phase shift 2024 Chin. Phys. B 33 055204
|
[1] Scharfman W E 1965 The use of Langmuir probes to determine the electron density surrounding re-entry vehicles (Washington DC: NASA)
[2] Guo S S, Xie K, Sun B, Xi R Y and Liu Y 2021 Plasma Sci. Technol. 23 075401
[3] Sakthi B G and Aravind R S 2023 Int. J. Impact. Eng. 172 104406
[4] Lyu X T, Jiang C X, Feng W and Ge N 2017 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 45 2050
[5] Sun Q, Cui W, Li Y H, Cheng B Q, Jin D and Li J 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 075120
[6] Man L, Deng H C, Wu Y, Yu X L and Xiao Z H 2022 Acta Phys. Sin. 71 035203 (in Chinese)
[7] Xie K 2014 Study On Plasma Sheath Reproducing Technology and Related Issues in EM-Wave Propagation Experiment, Ph.D Thesis (Xi’an: Xidian University) (in Chinese)
[8] Liu D L, Li X P, Xie K and Liu Z W 2015 Phys. Plasmas 22 102106
[9] Xie K, Guo S S, Sun B, Quan L and Liu Y 2019 Phys. Plasmas 26 073509
[10] Sun B, Xie K, Liu Y, Zhang Y J, Guo S S and Ma P 2022 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 50 102106
[11] Xie K, Sun B, Guo S S, Quan L and Liu Y 2019 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 90 073503
[12] Guo S S, Xie K, Sun B and Liu S W 2020 Plasma Sci. Technol. 22 125301
[13] Guo S S 2021 An Approach to Plasma-SpatiotemporalElectromagnetic-Regulation-Based Enhanced Magnetic Window Methods and Its Experimental Researches, Ph.D Thesis (Xi'an: Xidian University) (in Chinese)
[14] Liu D L 2015 Study on the Low-frequency EM Wave Transmission Characteristics under Plasma sheath and Blackout Mitigation by E×B, Ph.D Thesis (Xi’an: Xidian University) (in Chinese)
[15] lvaro S V, Federico B, Victor D, Julien J, Denis P, Eduardo A and Mario M 2023 Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 32 014002
[16] Yu P C, Liu Y, Liu X Q and Lei J H 2022 Phys. Plasma 29 093508
[17] Ming Z J, Lan T, Li H, Xie J L, Liu A D and Liu W D 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 115201 (in Chinese)
[18] Lan H, Shi T H, Yan N, et al. 2023 Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 25 075105
[19] Banks P M and Kockarts G 1973 Aeronomy: Part A (New York: Academic)
[20] Wu M X, Tian D Y, Tang P, Tian J, He Z Y and Ma P 2022 Acta Phys. Sin. 71 115202 (in Chinese)
[21] Zhao C W, Li X P, Liu Y M, Liu D L, Sun C, Ma G L, Tian L S and Bao W M 2022 Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 31 015007
[22] Tian J, Ma P, Chen B, Hu H Q, Zeng B, Li L T and Tang P 2022 Plasma Sci. Technol. 24 045505
[23] Ma G L, Liu Y M, Zhao C W, Sun C and Bao W M 2022 Plasma Sci. Technol. 24 075501
[24] Varavin M, Varavin A, Naydenkova D, Zajac J, Zacek F, Nanobashvili S, Panek R, Weinzettl V, Bilkova P, Kovarik K, Jaulmes F, Farnik M, Imrisek M and Bogar O 2019 Fusion Eng. Des. 146 1858
[25] Ginzburg (translated by Qian S X) 1978 Propagation of electromagnetic wave in plasma (Beijing: Science Press) pp. 5–9 (in Chinese)
[26] Yang S Y 2006 Electromagnetic Shielding Theory and Practice, (BeiJing: National Defense Industry Press) pp. 136–138 (in Chinese)
[27] Wheeler H A 1958 Proc. IRE 46 1595
[28] Miller D A and Bridges J E 1968 IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat. 10 52 |
| No Suggested Reading articles found! |
|
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
Altmetric
|
|
blogs
Facebook pages
Wikipedia page
Google+ users
|
Online attention
Altmetric calculates a score based on the online attention an article receives. Each coloured thread in the circle represents a different type of online attention. The number in the centre is the Altmetric score. Social media and mainstream news media are the main sources that calculate the score. Reference managers such as Mendeley are also tracked but do not contribute to the score. Older articles often score higher because they have had more time to get noticed. To account for this, Altmetric has included the context data for other articles of a similar age.
View more on Altmetrics
|
|
|
