Low-temperature environments for quantum computation and quantum simulation

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/abd762

Abstract This review summarizes the requirement of low temperature conditions in existing experimental approaches to quantum computation and quantum simulation.

Keywords: low temperature physics refrigerators quantum computation quantum simulation

Received: 28 October 2020
Revised: 07 December 2020
Accepted manuscript online: 30 December 2020

PACS:	07.20.Mc	(Cryogenics; refrigerators, low-temperature detectors, and other low-temperature equipment)
	03.67.Lx	(Quantum computation architectures and implementations)

Fund: Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2017YFA0303301), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11674009 and 11921005), the Beijing Natural Science Foundation, China (Grant No. JQ18002), and the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDB28000000).

Corresponding Authors: ^†These authors contributed equally. ^‡Corresponding author. E-mail: xilin@pku.edu.cn

Cite this article:

Hailong Fu(付海龙), Pengjie Wang(王鹏捷), Zhenhai Hu(胡禛海), Yifan Li(李亦璠), and Xi Lin(林熙) Low-temperature environments for quantum computation and quantum simulation 2021 Chin. Phys. B 30 020702

1 Benioff P 1980 J. Stat. Phys. 22 563
2 Feynman R P 1982 Int. J. Theor. Phys. 21 467
3 Benioff P 1982 J. Stat. Phys. 29 515
4 Deutsch D 1985 Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 400 97
5 Feynman R P 1986 Found. Phys. 16 507
6 Steane A 1998 Rep. Prog. Phys. 61 117
7 Grumbling E and Horowitz M 2019 Quantum Computing: Progress and Prospects (Washington, DC: The National Academies Press) ISBN: 978-0-309-47972-1
8 Buluta I and Nori F 2009 Science 326 108
9 Georgescu I M, Ashhab S and Nori F 2014 Rev. Mod. Phys. 86 153
10 Xin T, Wang B X, Li K R, Kong X Y, Wei S J, Wang T, Ruan D and Long G L 2018 Chin. Phys. B 27 020308
11 Childress L and Hanson R 2013 MRS Bulletin 38 134
12 Bruzewicz C D, Chiaverini J, McConnell R and Sage J M 2019 Appl. Phys. Rev. 6 021314
13 Harneit W 2017 Endohedral Fullerenes: Electron Transfer and Spin, Popov A A ed. (Cham: Springer International Publishing) pp. 297-324
14 Zhang X, Li H O, Cao G, Xiao M, Guo G C and Guo G P 2018 Natl. Sci. Rev. 6 32
15 Kjaergaard M, Schwartz M E, Braum\"uller J, Krantz P, Wang J I J, Gustavsson S and Oliver W D 2020 Annu. Rev. Condens. Matter Phys. 11 369
16 Nayak C, Simon S H, Stern A, Freedman M and Das Sarma S 2008 Rev. Mod. Phys. 80 1083
17 Sarma S D, Freedman M and Nayak C 2015 Npj Quantum Inf. 1 15001
18 Tilley D R and Tilley J 1990 Superfluidity and Superconductivity (Hilger) ISBN: 9780750300322
19 Tinkham M2004 Introduction to Superconductivity 2nd Ed. (Dover Publications) ISBN: 9780486435039
20 von Klitzing K 2005 The Quantum Hall Effect: Poincar\'e Seminar 2004, Dou\ccot B, et al. eds. (Basel: Birkh\"auser Basel) pp. 1-21
21 Stormer H L, Tsui D C and Gossard A C 1999 More Things in Heaven and Earth: A Celebration of Physics at the Millennium, Bederson B ed. (New York: Springer) pp. 501-514
22 Kaplan K H 2007 Phys. Today 60 31
23 Zhao Z and Wang C 2019 Cryogenic Engineering and Technologies (Boca Raton: CRC Press)
24 Gifford W E 1966 Advances in Cryogenic Engineering(Boston, MA) pp. 152-159 ISBN: 978-1-4757-0522-5
25 Richardson R N and Evans B E 1997 Int. J. Refrig. 20 367
26 Matsubara Y and Gao J L 1994 Cryogenics 34 259
27 Pobell F 2006 Matter and methods at low temperatures(Springer)
28 Noel C, Berlin-Udi M, Matthiesen C, Yu J, Zhou Y, Lordi V and H\"affner H 2019 Phys. Rev. A 99 063427
29 Brown K R, Wilson A C, Colombe Y, Ospelkaus C, Meier A M, Knill E, Leibfried D and Wineland D J 2011 Phys. Rev. A 84 030303
30 Matthews J C F, Politi A, Stefanov A and O'Brien J L 2009 Nat. Photonics 3 346
31 Chuang I L, Gershenfeld N and Kubinec M 1998 Phys. Rev. Lett. 80 3408
32 Jelezko F, Gaebel T, Popa I, Gruber A and Wrachtrup J 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 076401
33 Rong X, Geng J, Shi F, Liu Y, Xu K, Ma W, Kong F, Jiang Z, Wu Y and Du J 2015 Nat. Commun. 6 8748
34 Takahashi S, Hanson R, van Tol J, Sherwin M S and Awschalom D D 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 047601
35 Atzori M, Tesi L, Morra E, Chiesa M, Sorace L and Sessoli R 2016 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 138 2154
36 Ardavan A, Rival O, Morton J J L, Blundell S J, Tyryshkin A M, Timco G A and Winpenny R E P 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 057201
37 Liu Z, Dong B W, Meng H B, Xu M X, Wang T S, Wang B W, Wang C R, Jiang S D and Gao S 2018 Chem. Sci. 9 457
38 Warburton R J 2013 Nat. Mater. 12 483
39 Maurand R, Jehl X, Kotekar-Patil D, Corna A, Bohuslavskyi H, Lavi\'eville R, Hutin L, Barraud S, Vinet M, Sanquer M and De Franceschi S 2016 Nat. Commun. 7 13575
40 Li H O, Cao G, Yu G D, Xiao M, Guo G C, Jiang H W and Guo G P 2018 Phys. Rev. Appl. 9 024015
41 Bradbury F R, Takita M, Gurrieri T M, Wilkel K J, Eng K, Carroll M S and Lyon S A 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 266803
42 Koolstra G, Yang G and Schuster D I 2019 Nat. Commun. 10 5323
43 Valenzuela S O, Oliver W D, Berns D M, Berggren K K, Levitov L S and Orlando T P 2006 Science 314 1589
44 Gyenis A, Mundada P S, Paolo A D, Hazard T M, You X, Schuster D I, Koch J, Blais A and Houck A A arXiv: 1910.07542v1
45 Nadj-Perge S, Drozdov I K, Li J, Chen H, Jeon S, Seo J, MacDonald A H, Bernevig B A and Yazdani A 2014 Science 346 602
46 Bunkov Y M 2014 J. Low Temp. Phys. 175 385
47 Cory D G, Fahmy A F and Havel T F 1997 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94 1634
48 Gershenfeld N A and Chuang I L 1997 Science 275 350
49 Knill E, Chuang I and Laflamme R 1998 Phys. Rev. A 57 3348
50 Cory D G, Price M D, Maas W, Knill E, Laflamme R, Zurek W H, Havel T F and Somaroo S S 1998 Phys. Rev. Lett. 81 2152
51 Tseng C H, Somaroo S, Sharf Y, Knill E, Laflamme R, Havel T F and Cory D G 1999 Phys. Rev. A 61 012302
52 Vandersypen L M K, Steffen M, Sherwood M H, Yannoni C S, Breyta G and Chuang I L 2000 Appl. Phys. Lett. 76 646
53 Knill E, Laflamme R, Martinez R and Tseng C H 2000 Nature 404 368
54 Dorai K, Arvind and Kumar A 2000 Phys. Rev. A 61 042306
55 Marx R, Fahmy A F, Myers J M, Bermel W and Glaser S J 2000 Phys. Rev. A 62 012310
56 Vandersypen L M K, Steffen M, Breyta G, Yannoni C S, Cleve R and Chuang I L 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 5452
57 Weinstein Y S, Pravia M A, Fortunato E M, Lloyd S and Cory D G 2001 Phys. Rev. Lett. 86 1889
58 Knill E, Laflamme R, Martinez R and Negrevergne C 2001 Phys. Rev. Lett. 86 5811
59 Vandersypen L M K, Steffen M, Breyta G, Yannoni C S, Sherwood M H and Chuang I L 2001 Nature 414 883
60 Vandersypen L M K and Chuang I L 2005 Rev. Mod. Phys. 76 1037
61 Negrevergne C, Mahesh T S, Ryan C A, Ditty M, Cyr-Racine F, Power W, Boulant N, Havel T, Cory D G and Laflamme R 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 96 170501
62 Simmons S, Jones J A, Karlen S D, Ardavan A and Morton J J L 2010 Phys. Rev. A 82 022330
63 Feng G, Xu G and Long G 2013 Phys. Rev. Lett. 110 190501
64 Lu D, Li H, Trottier D A, Li J, Brodutch A, Krismanich A P, Ghavami A, Dmitrienko G I, Long G, Baugh J and Laflamme R 2015 Phys. Rev. Lett. 114 140505
65 Jiang M, Wu T, Blanchard J W, Feng G, Peng X and Budker D 2018 Sci. Adv. 4 eaar6327
66 Dr\"abenstedt A, Fleury L, Tietz C, Jelezko F, Kilin S, Nizovtzev A and Wrachtrup J 1999 Phys. Rev. B 60 11503
67 Kennedy T A, Colton J S, Butler J E, Linares R C and Doering P J 2003 Appl. Phys. Lett. 83 4190
68 Jelezko F, Gaebel T, Popa I, Domhan M, Gruber A and Wrachtrup J 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 130501
69 Rabeau J R, Chin Y L, Prawer S, Jelezko F, Gaebel T and Wrachtrup J 2005 Appl. Phys. Lett. 86 131926
70 Tomljenovic-Hanic S, Steel M J, Sterke C M d and Salzman J 2006 Opt. Express 14 3556
71 Gaebel T, Domhan M, Popa I, Wittmann C, Neumann P, Jelezko F, Rabeau J R, Stavrias N, Greentree A D, Prawer S, Meijer J, Twamley J, Hemmer P R and Wrachtrup J 2006 Nat. Phys. 2 408
72 Tamarat P, Gaebel T, Rabeau J R, Khan M, Greentree A D, Wilson H, Hollenberg L C L, Prawer S, Hemmer P, Jelezko F and Wrachtrup J 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 083002
73 Jelezko F and Wrachtrup J 2006 Phys. Status Solidi a 203 3207
74 Childress L, Gurudev Dutt M V, Taylor J M, Zibrov A S, Jelezko F, Wrachtrup J, Hemmer P R and Lukin M D 2006 Science 314 281
75 Dutt M V G, Childress L, Jiang L, Togan E, Maze J, Jelezko F, Zibrov A S, Hemmer P R and Lukin M D 2007 Science 316 1312
76 Fuchs G D, Dobrovitski V V, Toyli D M, Heremans F J and Awschalom D D 2009 Science 326 1520
77 Neumann P, Beck J, Steiner M, Rempp F, Fedder H, Hemmer P R, Wrachtrup J and Jelezko F 2010 Science 329 542
78 Ryan C A, Hodges J S and Cory D G 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 200402
79 Lon\vcar M and Faraon A 2013 MRS Bulletin 38 144
80 Dolde F, Jakobi I, Naydenov B, Zhao N, Pezzagna S, Trautmann C, Meijer J, Neumann P, Jelezko F and Wrachtrup J 2013 Nat. Phys. 9 139
81 L\"u X Y, Xiang Z L, Cui W, You J Q and Nori F 2013 Phys. Rev. A 88 012329
82 Cirac J I and Zoller P 1995 Phys. Rev. Lett. 74 4091
83 Monroe C, Meekhof D M, King B E, Itano W M and Wineland D J 1995 Phys. Rev. Lett. 75 4714
84 Blinov B B, Leibfried D, Monroe C and Wineland D J 2004 Quantum Inf. Process. 3 45
85 H\"affner H, Roos C F and Blatt R 2008 Phys. Rep. 469 155
86 Jessen P S, deutsch I H and Stock R 2004 Quantum Inf. Process. 3 91
87 Saffman M, Walker T G and Mølmer K 2010 Rev. Mod. Phys. 82 2313
88 Saffman M 2016 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 49 202001
89 Weiss D S and Saffman M 2017 Phys. Today 70 44
90 Henriet L, Beguin L, Signoles A, Lahaye T, Browaeys A, Reymond G O and Jurczak C 2020 Quantum 4 327
91 Brune M, Nussenzveig P, Schmidt-Kaler F, Bernardot F, Maali A, Raimond J M and Haroche S 1994 Phys. Rev. Lett. 72 3339
92 Walther H, Varcoe B T H, Englert B G and Becker T 2006 Rep. Prog. Phys. 69 1325
93 Knill E, Laflamme R and Milburn G J 2001 Nature 409 46
94 Reynhardt E C, High G L and van Wyk J A 1998 J. Chem. Phys. 109 8471
95 Balasubramanian G, Neumann P, Twitchen D, Markham M, Kolesov R, Mizuochi N, Isoya J, Achard J, Beck J, Tissler J, Jacques V, Hemmer P R, Jelezko F and Wrachtrup J 2009 Nat. Mater. 8 383
96 Maurer P C, Kucsko G, Latta C, Jiang L, Yao N Y, Bennett S D, Pastawski F, Hunger D, Chisholm N, Markham M, Twitchen D J, Cirac J I and Lukin M D 2012 Science 336 1283
97 Deslauriers L, Olmschenk S, Stick D, Hensinger W K, Sterk J and Monroe C 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 103007
98 Labaziewicz J, Ge Y, Antohi P, Leibrandt D, Brown K R and Chuang I L 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 013001
99 Labaziewicz J, Ge Y, Leibrandt D R, Wang S X, Shewmon R and Chuang I L 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 180602
100 Chiaverini J and Sage J M 2014 Phys. Rev. A 89 012318
101 Bruzewicz C D, Sage J M and Chiaverini J 2015 Phys. Rev. A 91 041402
102 Leuenberger M N and Loss D 2001 Nature 410 789
103 Affronte M, Troiani F, Ghirri A, Candini A, Evangelisti M, Corradini V, Carretta S, Santini P, Amoretti G, Tuna F, Timco G and Winpenny R E P 2007 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 40 2999
104 Bogani L and Wernsdorfer W 2008 Nat. Mater. 7 179
105 Benjamin S C, Ardavan A, Briggs G A D, Britz D A, Gunlycke D, Jefferson J, Jones M A G, Leigh D F, Lovett B W, Khlobystov A N, Lyon S A, Morton J J L, Porfyrakis K, Sambrook M R and Tyryshkin A M 2006 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 18 S867
106 Wedge C J, Timco G A, Spielberg E T, George R E, Tuna F, Rigby S, McInnes E J L, Winpenny R E P, Blundell S J and Ardavan A 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 107204
107 Warner M, Din S, Tupitsyn I S, Morley G W, Stoneham A M, Gardener J A, Wu Z, Fisher A J, Heutz S, Kay C W M and Aeppli G 2013 Nature 503 504
108 Bader K, Dengler D, Lenz S, Endeward B, Jiang S D, Neugebauer P and van Slageren J 2014 Nat. Commun. 5 5304
109 Zadrozny J M, Niklas J, Poluektov O G and Freedman D E 2015 ACS Cent. Sci. 1 488
110 Shiddiq M, Komijani D, Duan Y, Gaita-Ari\ no A, Coronado E and Hill S 2016 Nature 531 348
111 Godfrin C, Ferhat A, Ballou R, Klyatskaya S, Ruben M, Wernsdorfer W and Balestro F 2017 Phys. Rev. Lett. 119 187702
112 Loss D and DiVincenzo D P 1998 Phys. Rev. A 57 120
113 Zhang X, Li H O, Wang K, Cao G, Xiao M and Guo G P 2018 Chin. Phys. B 27 020305
114 Petersson K D, Petta J R, Lu H and Gossard A C 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 246804
115 Shi Z, Simmons C B, Ward D R, Prance J R, Mohr R T, Koh T S, Gamble J K, Wu X, Savage D E, Lagally M G, Friesen M, Coppersmith S N and Eriksson M A 2013 Phys. Rev. B 88 075416
116 Kim D, Ward D R, Simmons C B, Gamble J K, Blume-Kohout R, Nielsen E, Savage D E, Lagally M G, Friesen M, Coppersmith S N and Eriksson M A 2015 Nat. Nanotechnol. 10 243
117 Dial O E, Shulman M D, Harvey S P, Bluhm H, Umansky V and Yacoby A 2013 Phys. Rev. Lett. 110 146804
118 Martins F, Malinowski F K, Nissen P D, Barnes E, Fallahi S, Gardner G C, Manfra M J, Marcus C M and Kuemmeth F 2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 116801
119 Reed M D, Maune B M, Andrews R W, Borselli M G, Eng K, Jura M P, Kiselev A A, Ladd T D, Merkel S T, Milosavljevic I, Pritchett E J, Rakher M T, Ross R S, Schmitz A E, Smith A, Wright J A, Gyure M F and Hunter A T 2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 110402
120 Ashoori R C 1996 Nature 379 413
121 Hayashi T, Fujisawa T, Cheong H D, Jeong Y H and Hirayama Y 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 91 226804
122 Petta J R, Johnson A C, Taylor J M, Laird E A, Yacoby A, Lukin M D, Marcus C M, Hanson M P and Gossard A C 2005 Science 309 2180
123 Hanson R, Kouwenhoven L P, Petta J R, Tarucha S and Vandersypen L M K 2007 Rev. Mod. Phys. 79 1217
124 Koppens F H L, Nowack K C and Vandersypen L M K 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 236802
125 Cywi\'nski \L, Witzel W M and Das Sarma S 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 057601
126 Chekhovich E A, Makhonin M N, Tartakovskii A I, Yacoby A, Bluhm H, Nowack K C and Vandersypen L M K 2013 Nat. Mater. 12 494
127 Nichol J M, Orona L A, Harvey S P, Fallahi S, Gardner G C, Manfra M J and Yacoby A 2017 Npj Quantum Inf. 3 3
128 Malinowski F K, Martins F, Nissen P D, Barnes E, Cywi\'nski \L, Rudner M S, Fallahi S, Gardner G C, Manfra M J, Marcus C M and Kuemmeth F 2017 Nat. Nanotechnol. 12 16
129 Veldhorst M, Hwang J C C, Yang C H, Leenstra A W, de Ronde B, Dehollain J P, Muhonen J T, Hudson F E, Itoh K M, Morello A and Dzurak A S 2014 Nat. Nanotechnol. 9 981
130 Takeda K, Kamioka J, Otsuka T, Yoneda J, Nakajima T, Delbecq M R, Amaha S, Allison G, Kodera T, Oda S and Tarucha S 2016 Sci. Adv. 2 e1600694
131 Yoneda J, Takeda K, Otsuka T, Nakajima T, Delbecq M R, Allison G, Honda T, Kodera T, Oda S, Hoshi Y, Usami N, Itoh K M and Tarucha S 2018 Nat. Nanotechnol. 13 102
132 Huang W, Yang C H, Chan K W, Tanttu T, Hensen B, Leon R C C, Fogarty M A, Hwang J C C, Hudson F E, Itoh K M, Morello A, Laucht A and Dzurak A S 2019 Nature 569 532
133 Yang C H, Leon R C C, Hwang J C C, Saraiva A, Tanttu T, Huang W, Camirand Lemyre J, Chan K W, Tan K Y, Hudson F E, Itoh K M, Morello A, Pioro-Ladri\`ere M, Laucht A and Dzurak A S 2020 Nature 580 350
134 Petit L, Eenink H G J, Russ M, Lawrie W I L, Hendrickx N W, Philips S G J, Clarke J S, Vandersypen L M K and Veldhorst M 2020 Nature 580 355
135 Watzinger H, Kuku\vcka J, Vuku\vsi\'c L, Gao F, Wang T, Sch\"affler F, Zhang J J and Katsaros G 2018 Nat. Commun. 9 3902
136 Vuku\vsi\'c L, Kuku\vcka J, Watzinger H, Milem J M, Sch\"affler F and Katsaros G 2018 Nano Lett. 18 7141
137 Hardy W J, Harris C T, Su Y H, Chuang Y, Moussa J, Maurer L N, Li J Y, Lu T M and Luhman D R 2019 Nanotechnology 30 215202
138 Hendrickx N W, Franke D P, Sammak A, Scappucci G and Veldhorst M 2020 Nature 577 487
139 Hendrickx N W, Lawrie W I L, Petit L, Sammak A, Scappucci G and Veldhorst M 2020 Nat. Commun. 11 3478
140 Scappucci G, Kloeffel C, Zwanenburg F A, Loss D, Myronov M, Zhang J J, Franceschi S D, Katsaros G and Veldhorst M arXiv: 2004.08133v1
141 Kane B E 1998 Nature 393 133
142 Muhonen J T, Dehollain J P, Laucht A, Hudson F E, Kalra R, Sekiguchi T, Itoh K M, Jamieson D N, McCallum J C, Dzurak A S and Morello A 2014 Nat. Nanotechnol. 9 986
143 Muhonen J T, Laucht A, Simmons S, Dehollain J P, Kalra R, Hudson F E, Freer S, Itoh K M, Jamieson D N, McCallum J C, Dzurak A S and Morello A 2015 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 27 154205
144 He Y, Gorman S K, Keith D, Kranz L, Keizer J G and Simmons M Y 2019 Nature 571 371
145 Laird E A, Pei F and Kouwenhoven L P 2013 Nat. Nanotechnol. 8 565
146 Laird E A, Kuemmeth F, Steele G A, Grove-Rasmussen K, Nygård J, Flensberg K and Kouwenhoven L P 2015 Rev. Mod. Phys. 87 703
147 Penfold-Fitch Z V, Sfigakis F and Buitelaar M R 2017 Phys. Rev. Appl. 7 054017
148 Khivrich I and Ilani S 2020 Nat. Commun. 11 2299
149 Recher P and Trauzettel B 2010 Nanotechnology 21 302001
150 Allen M T, Martin J and Yacoby A 2012 Nat. Commun. 3 934
151 Eich M, Herman F, Pisoni R, Overweg H, Kurzmann A, Lee Y, Rickhaus P, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Sigrist M, Ihn T and Ensslin K 2018 Phys. Rev. X 8 031023
152 Banszerus L, M\"oller S, Icking E, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Volk C and Stampfer C 2020 Nano Lett. 20 2005
153 Liu X and Hersam M C 2019 Nat. Rev. Mater. 4 669
154 Nadj-Perge S, Frolov S M, Bakkers E P A M and Kouwenhoven L P 2010 Nature 468 1084
155 Hu Y, Kuemmeth F, Lieber C M and Marcus C M 2012 Nat. Nanotechnol. 7 47
156 Pribiag V S, Nadj-Perge S, Frolov S M, van den Berg J W G, van Weperen I, Plissard S R, Bakkers E P A M and Kouwenhoven L P 2013 Nat. Nanotechnol. 8 170
157 Luo G, Zhang Z Z, Li H O, Song X X, Deng G W, Cao G, Xiao M and Guo G P 2017 Front. Phys. 12 128502
158 Sz\'echenyi G, Chirolli L and P\'alyi A 2018 2D Mater. 5 035004
159 Pisoni R, Lei Z, Back P, Eich M, Overweg H, Lee Y, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Ihn T and Ensslin K 2018 Appl. Phys. Lett. 112 123101
160 Ramsay A J 2010 Semicond. Sci. Technol. 25 103001
161 Kloeffel C and Loss D 2013 Annu. Rev. Condens. Matter Phys. 4 51
162 Veldhorst M, Eenink H G J, Yang C H and Dzurak A S 2017 Nat. Commun. 8 1766
163 DeBenedictis E P, Humble T S and Gargini P A 2018 Computer 51 86
164 Geck L, Kruth A, Bluhm H, Waasen S v and Heinen S 2019 Quantum Sci. Technol. 5 015004
165 Zajac D M, Hazard T M, Mi X, Nielsen E and Petta J R 2016 Phys. Rev. Appl. 6 054013
166 Ito T, Otsuka T, Nakajima T, Delbecq M R, Amaha S, Yoneda J, Takeda K, Noiri A, Allison G, Ludwig A, Wieck A D and Tarucha S 2018 Appl. Phys. Lett. 113 093102
167 Platzman P M and Dykman M I 1999 Science 284 1967
168 Lyon S A 2006 Phys. Rev. A 74 052338
169 Dahm A J, Goodkind J M, Karakurt I and Pilla S 2002 J. Low Temp. Phys. 126 709
170 Mostame S and Sch\"utzhold R 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 220501
171 Byeon H, Nasyedkin K, Lane J R, Beysengulov N R, Zhang L, Loloee R and Pollanen J arXiv:2008.02330v1
172 Shirahama K, Ito S, Suto H and Kono K 1995 J. Low Temp. Phys. 101 439
173 Wendin G 2017

[1]	High-fidelity universal quantum gates for hybrid systems via the practical photon scattering Jun-Wen Luo(罗竣文) and Guan-Yu Wang(王冠玉). Chin. Phys. B, 2023, 32(3): 030303.
[2]	Variational quantum simulation of thermal statistical states on a superconducting quantum processer Xue-Yi Guo(郭学仪), Shang-Shu Li(李尚书), Xiao Xiao(效骁), Zhong-Cheng Xiang(相忠诚), Zi-Yong Ge(葛自勇), He-Kang Li(李贺康), Peng-Tao Song(宋鹏涛), Yi Peng(彭益), Zhan Wang(王战), Kai Xu(许凯), Pan Zhang(张潘), Lei Wang(王磊), Dong-Ning Zheng(郑东宁), and Heng Fan(范桁). Chin. Phys. B, 2023, 32(1): 010307.
[3]	Analysis and improvement of verifiable blind quantum computation Min Xiao(肖敏) and Yannan Zhang(张艳南). Chin. Phys. B, 2022, 31(5): 050305.
[4]	Optimized quantum singular value thresholding algorithm based on a hybrid quantum computer Yangyang Ge(葛阳阳), Zhimin Wang(王治旻), Wen Zheng(郑文), Yu Zhang(张钰), Xiangmin Yu(喻祥敏), Renjie Kang(康人杰), Wei Xin(辛蔚), Dong Lan(兰栋), Jie Zhao(赵杰), Xinsheng Tan(谭新生), Shaoxiong Li(李邵雄), and Yang Yu(于扬). Chin. Phys. B, 2022, 31(4): 048704.
[5]	Measuring Loschmidt echo via Floquet engineering in superconducting circuits Shou-Kuan Zhao(赵寿宽), Zi-Yong Ge(葛自勇), Zhong-Cheng Xiang(相忠诚), Guang-Ming Xue(薛光明), Hai-Sheng Yan(严海生), Zi-Ting Wang(王子婷), Zhan Wang(王战), Hui-Kai Xu(徐晖凯), Fei-Fan Su(宿非凡), Zhao-Hua Yang(杨钊华), He Zhang(张贺), Yu-Ran Zhang(张煜然), Xue-Yi Guo(郭学仪), Kai Xu(许凯), Ye Tian(田野), Hai-Feng Yu(于海峰), Dong-Ning Zheng(郑东宁), Heng Fan(范桁), and Shi-Ping Zhao(赵士平). Chin. Phys. B, 2022, 31(3): 030307.
[6]	Quantum simulation of lattice gauge theories on superconducting circuits: Quantum phase transition and quench dynamics Zi-Yong Ge(葛自勇), Rui-Zhen Huang(黄瑞珍), Zi-Yang Meng(孟子杨), and Heng Fan(范桁). Chin. Phys. B, 2022, 31(2): 020304.
[7]	Molecular beam epitaxy growth of quantum devices Ke He(何珂). Chin. Phys. B, 2022, 31(12): 126804.
[8]	Quantum simulation of τ-anti-pseudo-Hermitian two-level systems Chao Zheng(郑超). Chin. Phys. B, 2022, 31(10): 100301.
[9]	Quantum simulation and quantum computation of noisy-intermediate scale Kai Xu(许凯), and Heng Fan(范桁). Chin. Phys. B, 2022, 31(10): 100304.
[10]	Quantum computation and simulation with superconducting qubits Kaiyong He(何楷泳), Xiao Geng(耿霄), Rutian Huang(黄汝田), Jianshe Liu(刘建设), and Wei Chen(陈炜). Chin. Phys. B, 2021, 30(8): 080304.
[11]	Quantum computation and simulation with vibrational modes of trapped ions Wentao Chen(陈文涛), Jaren Gan, Jing-Ning Zhang(张静宁), Dzmitry Matuskevich, and Kihwan Kim(金奇奂). Chin. Phys. B, 2021, 30(6): 060311.
[12]	Quantum computation and error correction based on continuous variable cluster states Shuhong Hao(郝树宏), Xiaowei Deng(邓晓玮), Yang Liu(刘阳), Xiaolong Su(苏晓龙), Changde Xie(谢常德), and Kunchi Peng(彭堃墀). Chin. Phys. B, 2021, 30(6): 060312.
[13]	Realization of arbitrary two-qubit quantum gates based on chiral Majorana fermions Qing Yan(闫青) and Qing-Feng Sun(孙庆丰). Chin. Phys. B, 2021, 30(4): 040303.
[14]	Efficient self-testing system for quantum computations based on permutations Shuquan Ma(马树泉), Changhua Zhu(朱畅华), Min Nie(聂敏), and Dongxiao Quan(权东晓). Chin. Phys. B, 2021, 30(4): 040305.
[15]	Quantum simulations with nuclear magnetic resonance system Chudan Qiu(邱楚丹), Xinfang Nie(聂新芳), and Dawei Lu(鲁大为). Chin. Phys. B, 2021, 30(4): 048201.

No Suggested Reading articles found!

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Metrics
Related Articles

Low-temperature environments for quantum computation and quantum simulation

Cite this article:

Online attention