Abstract We consider rotational motion of an interacting atomic Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) with both two- and three-body interactions in a quadratic-plus-quartic and harmonic-plus-Gaussian trap. By using the variational method, the influence of the three-body interaction and the anharmonicity of the trap on the lowest energy surface mode excitation and the spontaneous shape deformation (responsible for the vortex formation) in a rotating BEC is discussed in detail. It is found that the repulsive three-body interaction helps the formation of the vortex and reduces the lowest energy surface mode frequency and the critical rotational frequency of the system. Moreover, the critical rotational frequency for the vortex formation in the harmonic-plus-Gaussian potential is lower than that in the quadratic-plus-quartic potential.
Received: 25 February 2009
Revised: 21 April 2009
Accepted manuscript online:
PACS:
03.75.Lm
(Tunneling, Josephson effect, Bose-Einstein condensates in periodic potentials, solitons, vortices, and topological excitations)
Fund: Project supported by the National
Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No 10774120), the Natural
Science Foundation of Gansu Province (Grant No 3ZS051-A25-013), and
Natural Science Foundation of Northwest Normal University, China
(Grant Nos NWNU-KJC
Cite this article:
Ma Juan(马娟), Li Zhi(李志), and Xue Ju-Kui(薛具奎) Critical rotation of an anharmonically trapped Bose--Einstein condensate 2009 Chin. Phys. B 18 4122
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