In-situ measurement of cell temperature by spin-relaxation rate analysis for an atomic magnetometer

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/ae07bf

Abstract Alkali-metal vapor cells are the core sensing components of atomic magnetometers. To achieve high-sensitivity magnetic field measurements, the cells require heating and stabilization at high temperatures. Here, we propose an in-situ temperature measurement method for a vapor cell of an atomic magnetometer based on spin-relaxation analysis. This technique establishes a direct functional correlation between the cell temperature and the spin-relaxation rate under low pumping power conditions. Experimental validation within the temperature range of 90 $^\circ$C-130 $^\circ$C confirms the accuracy of this approach. We further investigate the effects of magnetic fields on measurement precision and demonstrate the long-term, high-precision capabilities of temperature detection. This non-invasive technique presents a critical advantage for precise thermal optimization of atomic magnetometers.

Keywords: atomic magnetometer in-situ measurement spin exchange atomic number density

Received: 18 June 2025
Revised: 15 August 2025
Accepted manuscript online: 17 September 2025

PACS:	07.07.Df	(Sensors (chemical, optical, electrical, movement, gas, etc.); remote sensing)
	07.55.Ge	(Magnetometers for magnetic field measurements)
	33.35.+r	(Electron resonance and relaxation)

Fund: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 62105278), the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, China (Grant No. ZR2021QF139), and Qingchuang Technology Support Program of University in Shandong Province, China (Grant No. 2024KJG040).

Corresponding Authors: Zhe Qi, Ling-Xin Kong
E-mail: 1120170088@mail.nankai.edu.cn;1120170096@mail.nankai.edu.cn

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Bing-Quan Zhao(赵丙权), Zhe Qi(祁喆), Jian-Long Wang(王建龙), Li-Hua Wu(武丽花), Qian-Yun Zhao(赵倩云), Jun-Xin Wei(韦俊新), Wei-Ren Liu(刘为任), and Ling-Xin Kong(孔令鑫) In-situ measurement of cell temperature by spin-relaxation rate analysis for an atomic magnetometer 2026 Chin. Phys. B 35 060703

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In-situ measurement of cell temperature by spin-relaxation rate analysis for an atomic magnetometer

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