| SPECIAL TOPIC — Ultrafast physics in atomic, molecular and optical systems |
Prev
Next
|
|
|
Molecular orbital effect in above-threshold ionization of vinyl bromide induced by strong laser fields |
| Qi Chen(陈淇), Yang Liu(刘洋), Wei Yang(杨威), Di Liu(刘迪), Hang Lv(吕航)†, Bing Yan(闫冰), and Haifeng Xu(徐海峰)‡ |
| Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract Ionization is a fundamental process that may induce a variety of highly nonlinear physical phenomena in strong femtosecond laser fields. Compared to that of atoms, strong-field ionization (SFI) of polyatomic molecules is far from being understood because of their diverse geometric and orbital structures. In this study, we experimentally investigate SFI of the vinyl bromide ($\mathrm{C_2 H_3 Br}$) molecule in near ultraviolet and near-infrared strong laser fields employing the electron velocity map imaging (VMI) method. The distinct above-threshold ionization (ATI) structure of the molecule is clearly observed in both strong laser fields. The electron kinetic energy as well as the angular distributions is derived from the electron VMI measurements, and their dependence on the laser intensity is investigated and discussed. Analysis reveals that owing to the small energy difference between the low-lying electronic orbitals of the $\mathrm{C_2 H_3 Br}$ molecule, multiple orbital effect plays a pivotal role in the SFI of the molecule. The present study adds our knowledge on SFI and ATI of the $\mathrm{C_2 H_3 Br}$ molecule, and sheds some light on the interaction of polyatomic molecules with ultrafast strong laser fields.
|
Received: 03 February 2026
Revised: 03 February 2026
Accepted manuscript online: 11 February 2026
|
|
PACS:
|
33.80.Eh
|
(Autoionization, photoionization, and photodetachment)
|
|
| Fund: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12574311, 12174148, and 12274178) and the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province, China (Grant No. 20240101322JC). |
Corresponding Authors:
Hang Lv, Haifeng Xu
E-mail: lvhang0811@jlu.edu.cn;xuhf@jlu.edu.cn
|
Cite this article:
Qi Chen(陈淇), Yang Liu(刘洋), Wei Yang(杨威), Di Liu(刘迪), Hang Lv(吕航), Bing Yan(闫冰), and Haifeng Xu(徐海峰) Molecular orbital effect in above-threshold ionization of vinyl bromide induced by strong laser fields 2026 Chin. Phys. B 35 043303
|
[1] Becker W, Liu X J, Ho P J and Eberly J H 2012 Rev. Mod. Phys. 84 1011
[2] Figueira de Morisson Faria C and Liu X 2011 J. Mod. Opt. 58 1076
[3] Becker W, Goreslavski S P, Milošević D B and Paulus G G 2018 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 51 162002
[4] Milošević D B, Paulus G G, Bauer D and Becker W 2006 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 39 R203
[5] Miyazaki K and Takada H 1995 Phys. Rev. A 52 3007
[6] Shen X C, Liu Y, Chen Q, Lv H and Xu H F 2022 Acta Phys. Sin. 71 233202 (in Chinese)
[7] Nubbemeyer T, Gorling K, Saenz A, Eichmann U and SandnerW2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 233001
[8] Zimmermann H and Eichmann U 2016 Phys. Scr. 91 104002
[9] Hassan M T, Luu T T, Moulet A, Raskazovskaya O, Zhokhov P, Garg M, Karpowicz N, Zheltikov A M, Pervak V, Krausz F and Goulielmakis E 2016 Nature 530 66
[10] Karasawa N, Yamada S and Kanaya H 2020 Opt. Commun. 473 125941
[11] Ohmori K 2009 Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 60 487
[12] Krausz F and Ivanov M 2009 Rev. Mod. Phys. 81 163
[13] Shi H J, Liu Y, Sun T, Lv H and Xu H F 2024 Chin. Phys. B 33 073301
[14] Wang S F and Wu C Y 2025 Chin. J. Chem. Phys. 38 19
[15] Lv H, Zuo W L, Zhao L, Xu H F, Jin M X, Ding D J, Hu S L and Chen J 2016 Phys. Rev. A 93 033415
[16] Yun H, Lee K M, Sung J H, Kim K T, Kim H T and Nam C H 2015 Phys. Rev. Lett. 114 153901
[17] Shu Z, Liu M Q, Hu S L and Chen J 2020 Opt. Express 28 11165
[18] Lee K F, Villeneuve D M, Corkum P B, Stolow A and Underwood J G 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 173001
[19] Wu D, Wang Q Q, Cheng X H, Jin M X, Li X Y, Hu Zh and Ding D J 2007 J. Phys. Chem. A 111 9494
[20] Lezius M, Blanchet V, Ivanov M Y and Stolow A 2002 J. Chem. Phys. 117 1575
[21] Trushin S A, Fuß W and Schmid W E 2004 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 37 3987
[22] Campbell E E B, Hansen K, Hoffmann K, Korn G, Tchaplyguine M, Wittmann M and Hertel I V 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett. 84 2128
[23] Bhardwaj V R, Rayner D M, Villeneuve D M and Corkum P B 2001 Phys. Rev. Lett. 87 253003
[24] Yatsuhashi T and Nakashima N 2005 J. Phys. Chem. A 109 9414
[25] Kling N G, Betsch K J, Zohrabi M, Zeng S, Anis F, Ablikim U, Jochim B, Wang Z, Kuebel M, Kling M F, Carnes K D, Esry B D and Ben- Itzhak I 2013 Phys. Rev. Lett. 111 163004
[26] Bozpolat S A, Rosenberger P, Ciappina M F, Kling M F and Yavuz I 2019 Phys. Rev. A 100 063409
[27] Liu Y, Yi X P, Chen Q, Sun T, Lv H, Hu S L, Becker W, Xu H F and Chen J 2024 Photon. Res. 12 3033
[28] Hu S L, Hao X L, Lv H, Liu M Q, Yang T X, Xu H F, Jin M X, Ding D J, Li Q G, Li W D, Becker W and Chen J 2019 Opt. Express 27 31629
[29] Itatani J, Levesque J, Zeidler D, Niikura H, Pépin H, Kieffer J C, Corkum P B and Villeneuve D M 2004 Nature 432 867
[30] Yao J P, Li G H, Jia X Y, Hao X L, Zeng B, Jing C R, Chu W, Ni J L, Zhang H S, Xie H Q, Zhang C J, Zhao Z X, Chen J, Liu X J, Cheng Y and Xu Z Z 2013 Phys. Rev. Lett. 111 133001
[31] Grasbon F, Paulus G G, Chin S L, Walther H, Muth-Böhm J, Becker A and Faisal F H M 2001 Phys. Rev. A 63 041402
[32] Arthur Z, Péter S, Tamás R and Thomas W 2014 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 47 204023
[33] Sándor P, Arthur Z, Tamás R and Thomas W 2014 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 47 124021
[34] Du H B, Covington C, Leone S R and Varga K 2019 Phys. Rev. A 100 053412
[35] Qian X M, Lau K C and Ng C Y 2004 J. Chem. Phys. 120 11031
[36] Lago A F and Baer T 2006 J. Phys. Chem. A 110 3036
[37] Hoxha A, Yu S Y, Locht R, Jochims H W and Leyh B 2011 Chem. Phys. 379 99
[38] Chang J L and Tsao C W 2006 Chem. Phys. Lett. 428 23
[39] Chuang C H, Chen C C,Wu H C and Chen Y T 2004 Chem. Phys. Lett. 394 287
[40] Hoxha A, Locht R, Leyh B, Dehareng D, Hottmann K and Baumgärtel H 2000 Chem. Phys. 256 239
[41] Hoxha A, Locht R, Leyh B, Dehareng D, Hottmann K, Jochims H W and Baumgärtel H 2000 Chem. Phys. 260 237
[42] Castillejo M, Martin M, De Nalda R, Stelios C and Koudoumas E 2002 J. Phys. Chem. A 106 2838
[43] Liu Y, He S, Zhou L X, Chen Q, Zhao YW, Sun T, Shen X C, Yu T, Lv H and Xu H F 2023 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 40 1851
[44] Rott F, Reduzzi M, Schnappinger T, Kobayashi Y, Chang K F, Timmers H, Neumark D M, Vivie-Riedle R D and Leone S R 2021 Struct. Dyn. 8 034104
[45] Zhou L X, Liu Y, He S, Gao D S, Shen X C, Chen Q, Yu T, Lv H and Xu H F 2022 Chin. Phys. B 31 028202
[46] Ammosov M V, Delone N B and Krainov V P 1986 Sov. Phys. JETP 64 1191
[47] Perelomov A M, Popov V S and Terent’ev M V 1966 J. Exptl. Theoret. Phys. 50 1393
[48] Keldysh L V 1965 Sov. Phys. JETP 20 1307
[49] Chadwick D, Frost D C, Katrib A, McDowell C A and McLean R A N 1972 Can. J. Chem. 50 2642
[50] McCracken G A, Kaldun A, Liekhus-Schmaltz C and Bucksbaum P H 2017 J. Chem. Phys. 147 124308
[51] Yan J L, Chen J T, Liu D, Lian Y, Yao H Q, Wu Q, Lv H, Yan B and Xu H F 2024 Chin. J. Chem. Phys. 37 737
[52] Humpert H J, Schwier H, Hippler R and Lutz H O 1985 Phys. Rev. A 32 3787
[53] Trippenbach M, Rzaewski K and Grobe R 1988 Phys. Rev. A 37 4194
[54] Nandor N J, Walker M A and Woerkom L D V 1998 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 31 4617
[55] Korneev Ph A, Popruzhenko S V, Goreslavski S P, Yan T M, Bauer D, Becker W, Kübel M, Kling M F, Rödel C, Wünsche M and Paulus G G 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 223601
[56] Li M, Liu Y Q, Liu H, Yang Y D, Yuan J L, Liu X R, Deng R K, Wu C Y and Gong Q H 2012 Phys. Rev. A 85 013414 |
| No Suggested Reading articles found! |
|
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
Altmetric
|
|
blogs
Facebook pages
Wikipedia page
Google+ users
|
Online attention
Altmetric calculates a score based on the online attention an article receives. Each coloured thread in the circle represents a different type of online attention. The number in the centre is the Altmetric score. Social media and mainstream news media are the main sources that calculate the score. Reference managers such as Mendeley are also tracked but do not contribute to the score. Older articles often score higher because they have had more time to get noticed. To account for this, Altmetric has included the context data for other articles of a similar age.
View more on Altmetrics
|
|
|
