tP40 carbon: A novel superhard carbon allotrope

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/ab9c01

Abstract

In this work, a novel carbon allotrope tP40 carbon with space group P4/mmm is proposed. The structural stability, mechanical properties, elastic anisotropy, and electronic properties of tP40 carbon are investigated systematically by using density functional theory (DFT). The calculated elastic constants and phonon dispersion spectra indicate that the tP40 phase is a metastable carbon phase with mechanical stability and dynamic stability. The B/G ratio indicates that tP40 carbon is brittle from 0 GPa to 60 GPa, while tP40 carbon is ductile from 70 GPa to 100 GPa. Additionally, the anisotropic factors and the directional dependence of the Poisson’s ratio, shear modulus, and Young’s modulus of tP40 carbon at different pressures are estimated and plotted, suggesting that the tP40 carbon is elastically anisotropic. The calculated hardness values of tP40 carbon are 44.0 GPa and 40.2 GPa obtained by using Lyakhov–Oganov’s model and Chen’s model, respectively, which means that the tP40 carbon can be considered as a superhard material. The electronic band gap within Heyd–Scuseria–Ernzerhof hybrid functional (HSE06) is 4.130 eV, and it is found that the tP40 carbon is an indirect and wider band gap semiconductor material.

Keywords: novel carbon allotrope elastic properties anisotropy superhard material

Received: 09 March 2020
Revised: 25 May 2020
Accepted manuscript online: 12 June 2020

PACS:	61.50.Ah	(Theory of crystal structure, crystal symmetry; calculations and modeling)
	61.50.-f	(Structure of bulk crystals)
	71.20.Nr	(Semiconductor compounds)
	71.55.Cn	(Elemental semiconductors)

Corresponding Authors: ^†Corresponding author. E-mail: qyfan_xidian@163.com; fanqy@xauat.edu.cn ^‡Corresponding author. E-mail: alexsyun1974@aliyun.com; yunsining@xauat.edu.cn

About author:

†Corresponding author. E-mail: qyfan_xidian@163.com

‡Corresponding author. E-mail: fanqy@xauat.edu.cn

§Corresponding author. E-mail: alexsyun1974@aliyun.com

* Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundationof China (Grant Nos. 61804120 and 61901162), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant Nos. 2019TQ0243 and 2019M663646), the Young Talent Fund of University Association for Science and Technology in Shaanxi Province, China (Grant No. 20190110), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2018YFB1502902), and the Key Program for International Science and Technolog Cooperation Projects of Shaanxi Province, China (Grant No. 2019KWZ-03).

Cite this article:

Heng Liu(刘恒), Qing-Yang Fan(樊庆扬)†, Fang Yang(杨放), Xin-Hai Yu(于新海), Wei Zhang(张伟), and Si-Ning Yun(云斯宁)‡ tP40 carbon: A novel superhard carbon allotrope 2020 Chin. Phys. B 29 106102

Fig. 1.

Crystal structure of tP40 carbon (a) along the a axis (b) and b axis (c), and crystal structure of P carbon (d).

Table 1.

Calculated values of lattice constant (in unit Å), cell volume (in unit Å³), and density (in unit g/cm³) for tP40 carbon, C₆₄, Pnma-BN, C₉₆, and diamond.

Fig. 2.

Plots of ratios of (a) a/a₀, c/c₀ and (b) V/V₀ versus pressure for tP40 carbon, C₉₆ carbon, P222₁ carbon, c-BN carbon, and diamond.

Table 2.

Calculated values of elastic constants of C_ij (in unit GPa), bulk modulus B (in unit GPa), shear modulus G (in unit GPa), Young’s modulus E (in unit GPa), Poisson’s ratio v, and B/G ratio for each of tP40 carbon, C₆₄, Pnma-BN, C₉₆, C72, and diamond.

Fig. 3.

Phonon spectra for tP40 carbon at (a) 0 GPa and (b) 100 GPa.

Table 3.

Estimated shear wave velocity (v_s), compressional wave velocity (v_p), average sound velocity v_m, Debye temperature Θ_D, and B/G ratio results for tP40 carbon.

Fig. 4.

Plots of (a) elastic constants and (b) B, G, and E for tP40 carbon versus pressures.

Table 4.

Anisotropy factors of tP40 carbon from 0 GPa to 100 GPa.

Fig. 5.

Directional dependence of Young’s modulus at (a) 0 GPa, (b) 50 GPa, and (c) 100 GPa; the shear modulus at (d) 0 GPa, (e) 50 GPa, and (f) 100 GPa; and Passion’s ratio at (g) 0 GPa, (h) 50 GPa, and (i) 100 GPa for tP40 carbon.

Table 5.

Mximum values and minimum values of Young’s modulus (in unit GPa), shear modulus (in unit GPa), and Poisson’s ratio and E_max/E_min, G_max/G_min, and v_max/v_min for tP40 carbon.

Table 6.

Maximum and minimum Young’s moduli and the values of E_max/E_min in different planes at different pressures for tP40 carbon.

Fig. 6.

Electronic band phases according to (a) DFT, (b) HSE06, and (c) DOS for tP40 carbon at zero pressure.

[1]	Xing M, Li B, Yu Z, Chen Q 2015 J. Mater. Sci. 50 7104 DOI: 10.1007/s10853-015-9266-8
[2]	Zhang W, Chai C, Fan Q, Song Y, Yang Y 2020 ChemNanoMat 6 139 DOI: 10.1002/cnma.v6.1
[3]	Wang J T, Chen C, Mizuseki H, Kawazoe Y 2018 Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 20 7962 DOI: 10.1039/C7CP08380G
[4]	Zhang W, Chai C, Song Y, Fan Q, Yang Y 2020 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 32 355701 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648X/ab8982
[5]	Fan Q Y, Wang H, Song Y X, Zhang W, Yun S N 2020 Comput. Mater. Sci. 178 109634 DOI: 10.1016/j.commatsci.2020.109634
[6]	Cheng J, Zhang Q 2020 Materials 13 2079 DOI: 10.3390/ma13092079
[7]	Wei Q, Zhao C Y, Zhang M G, Yan H Y, Zhou Y J, Yao R H 2018 Phys. Lett. A 382 1685 DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2018.04.024
[8]	Wang J T, Weng H, Nie S, Fang Z, Kawazoe Y, Chen C 2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 195501 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.195501
[9]	Li Z, Hu M, Ma M, Gao Y, Xu B, He J, Yu D, Tian Y, Zhao Z 2016 Carbon 105 151 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2016.04.038
[10]	Lv Y, Wang H, Guo Y, Jiang B, Cai Y 2018 Comput. Mater. Sci. 144 170 DOI: 10.1016/j.commatsci.2017.12.028
[11]	Yang X, Yao M, Wu X, Liu S, Chen S, Yang K, Liu R, Cui T, Sundqvist B, Liu B 2017 Phys. Rev. Lett. 118 245701 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.245701
[12]	He C, Zhang C, Xiao H, Meng L, Zhong J 2017 Carbon 112 91 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2016.11.008
[13]	Xing M J, Li B H, Yu Z T, Chen Q 2015 Commun. Theor. Phys. 64 237 DOI: 10.1088/0253-6102/64/2/237
[14]	Zhao C X, Niu C Y, Qin Z J, Ren X Y, Wang J T, Cho J H, Jia Y 2016 Sci. Rep. 6 21879 DOI: 10.1038/srep21879
[15]	Fan Q, Zhao Y, Yu X, Song Y, Zhang W, Yun S 2020 Diamond Relat. Mater. 106 107831 DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2020.107831
[16]	Li Z, Chen J, Nie S, Xu L, Mizuseki H, Weng H, Wang J T 2018 Carbon 133 39 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2018.03.003
[17]	Cui H J, Yan Q B, Sheng X L, Wang D L, Zheng Q R, Su G 2017 Carbon 120 89 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2017.05.011
[18]	Zhang W, Chai C, Fan Q, Song Y, Yang Y 2020 Materials 13 1926 DOI: 10.3390/ma13081926
[19]	Niu H, Chen X Q, Wang S, Li D, L. Mao W, Li Y 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 135501 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.135501
[20]	Liu L, Hu M, Zhao Z, Pan Y, Dong H 2020 Carbon 158 546 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2019.11.024
[21]	Amsler M, Flores-Livas J A, Lehtovaara L, Balima F, Ghasemi S A, Machon D, Pailhès S, Willand A, Caliste D, Botti S, Miguel A S, Goedecker S, Marques M A L 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 065501 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.065501
[22]	Xu Y, Lu Y, Zhu X, Wang M 2018 RSC Adv. 8 1846 DOI: 10.1039/C7RA11448F
[23]	Niu C Y, Wang X Q, Wang J T 2014 J. Chem. Phys. 140 054514 DOI: 10.1063/1.4864109
[24]	Zhang W, Chai C, Fan Q, Song Y, Yang Y 2019 J. Appl. Phys. 126 145704 DOI: 10.1063/1.5120376
[25]	Zhang Z G, Liu H Y, Zhang M 2014 Europhys. Lett. 108 46006 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/108/46006
[26]	Zhao C X, Niu C Y, Qin Z J, Ren X Y, Wang J T, Cho J H, Jia Y 2016 Sci. Rep. 6 21879 DOI: 10.1038/srep21879
[27]	Wei Q, Zhang Q, Zhang M G, Yan H Y, Guo L X, Wei B 2018 Front. Phys. 13 136105 DOI: 10.1007/s11467-018-0787-x
[28]	Umemoto K, Wentzcovitch R M, Saito S, Miyake T 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 104 125504 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.125504
[29]	Wang J T, Chen C F, Kawazoe Y 2012 Phys. Rev. B 85 033410 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.85.033410
[30]	Yang X, Lv C, Liu S, Zang J, Qin J, Du M, Yang D, Li X, Liu B, Shan C X 2020 Carbon 156 309 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2019.09.049
[31]	Zhang X X, Wang Y C, Lv J, Zhu C Y, Li Q, Zhang M, Li Q, Ma Y 2013 J. Chem. Phys. 138 114101 DOI: 10.1063/1.4794424
[32]	Xing M J, Li X Z, Yu S J, Wang F Y 2017 Commun. Theor. Phys. 68 395 DOI: 10.1088/0253-6102/68/3/395
[33]	Li D, Tian F B, Chu B H, Duan D F, Wei S L, Lv Y Z, Zhang H D, Wang L, Lu N, Liu B B, Cui T 2015 J. Mater. Chem. A 3 10448 DOI: 10.1039/C5TA01045D
[34]	Sheng X L, Yan Q B, Ye F, Zheng Q R, Su G 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 155703 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.155703
[35]	Wang J Q, Zhao C X, Niu C Y, Sun Q, Jia Y 2016 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 28 475402 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/28/47/475402
[36]	Li X, Xing M 2020 Mater. Chem. Phys. 242 122480 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2019.122480
[37]	Zhang J, Wang R, Zhu X, Pan A, Han C, Li X, Dan Z, Ma C, Wang W, Su H, Niu C 2017 Nat. Commun. 8 683 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00817-9
[38]	Chen X Q, Niu H Y, Li D Z, Li Y Y 2011 Intermetallics 19 1275 DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2011.03.026
[39]	Lyakhov A O, Oganov A R 2011 Phys. Rev. B 84 92103 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.84.092103
[40]	Shi X, He C, Pickard C J, Tang C, Zhong J 2018 Phys. Rev. B 97 014104 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.97.014104
[41]	He C, Shi X, Clark S J, Li J, Pickard C J, Ouyang T, Zhang C, Tang C, Zhong J 2018 Phys. Rev. Lett. 121 175701 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.175701
[42]	Hoffmann R, Kabanov A A, Golov A A, Proserpio D M 2016 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 55 10962 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201600655
[43]	O’Keeffe M, Yaghi O M and Ramsden S, Reticular Chemistry Structure Resource, Australian National University Supercomputer Facility, http://rcsr.anu.edu.au/, accessed 5th March 2013
[44]	O’Keeffe M, Peskov M A, Ramsden S, Yaghi O M 2008 Chem. Res. 41 1782 DOI: 10.1021/ar800124u
[45]	Pan Y, Xie C, Xiong M, Ma M, Liu L, Li Z, Zhang S, Gao G, Zhao Z, Tian Y, Xu B, He J 2017 Chem. Phys. Lett. 689 68 DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2017.10.014
[46]	Hohenberg P, Kohn W 1964 Phys. Rev. 136 B864 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRev.136.B864
[47]	Kohn W, Sham L J 1956 Phys. Rev. 140 A1133 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRev.140.A1133
[48]	Clark S J, Segall M D, Pickard C J, Hasnip P J, Probert M I J, Refson K, Payne M C 2005 Z. Kristallogr 220 567 DOI: 10.1524/zkri.220.5.567.65075
[49]	Perdew J P, Burke K, Ernzerhof M 1996 Phys. Rev. Lett. 77 3865 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.3865
[50]	Ceperley D M, Alder B J 1980 Phys. Rev. Lett. 45 566 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.45.566
[51]	Krukau A V, Vydrov O A, Izmaylov A F, Scuseria G E 2006 J. Chem. Phys. 125 224106 DOI: 10.1063/1.2404663
[52]	Vanderbilt D 1990 Phys. Rev. B 41 7892 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.41.7892
[53]	Pfrommer B G, Côté M, Louie S G, Cohen M L 1997 J. Comput. Phys. 131 233 DOI: 10.1006/jcph.1996.5612
[54]	Baroni S, de Gironcoli S, dal Corso A, Giannozzi P 2001 Rev. Mod. Phys. 73 515 DOI: 10.1103/RevModPhys.73.515
[55]	Ma Z, Han Z, Liu X, Yu X, Wang D, Tian Y 2017 Nanomaterials 7 3 DOI: 10.3390/nano7010003
[56]	Wei Q, Zhang Q, Yan H Y, Zhang M G 2017 J. Mater. Sci. 52 2385 DOI: 10.1007/s10853-016-0564-6
[57]	Ma J L, Song D L, Wu Y L, Fu Z F, Zhou J P, Liu P, Zhu X, Wei Q 2020 Phys. Lett. A 384 126325 DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2020.126325
[58]	Xing M, Li B, Yu Z, Chen Q 2016 Eur. Phys. J. B 89 9 DOI: 10.1140/epjb/e2015-60601-8
[59]	Fan Q, Wei Q, Chai C, Yan H, Zhang M, Lin Z, Zhang Z, Zhang J, Zhang D 2015 J. Phys. Chem. Solids 79 89 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpcs.2014.12.008
[60]	Petrescu M L 2004 Diamond Relat. Mater. 13 1848 DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2004.05.004
[61]	Mouhat F, Coudert F X 2014 Phys. Rev. B 90 224104 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.90.224104
[62]	Grimsditch M, Zouboulis E S, Polian A 1994 J. Appl. Phys. 76 832 DOI: 10.1063/1.357757
[63]	Hill R 1952 Proc. Phys. Soc. London 65 349 DOI: 10.1088/0370-1298/65/5/307
[64]	Fan Q, Zhang W, Song Y, Zhang W, Yun S 2020 Semicond. Sci. Technol. 35 055012 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6641/ab76ae
[65]	Fan Q, Niu R, Zhang W, Zhang W, Ding Y, Yun S 2019 ChemPhysChem 20 128 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.v20.1
[66]	Pugh S F 1954 Philos. Mag. 45 823
[67]	Anderson O L 1963 J. Phys. Chem. Solids 24 909 DOI: 10.1016/0022-3697(63)90067-2
[68]	Panda K B, Ravi K S 2006 Comput. Mater. Sci. 35 134 DOI: 10.1016/j.commatsci.2005.03.012
[69]	Fan Q, Wei Q, Yan H, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Zhang J, Zhang D 2014 Comput. Mater. Sci. 85 80 DOI: 10.1016/j.commatsci.2013.12.045
[70]	Fan Q, Chai C, Wei Q, Wong K, Liu Y, Yang Y 2018 J. Mater. Sci. 53 2785 DOI: 10.1007/s10853-017-1681-6
[71]	Fan Q, Duan Z, Song Y, Zhang W, Zhang Q, Yun S 2019 Materials 12 3589 DOI: 10.3390/ma12213589
[72]	Connétable D, Thomas O 2009 Phys. Rev. B 79 094101 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.79.094101
[73]	Ravindran P, Fast L, Korzhavyi P A, Johansson B, Wills J, Eriksson O 1998 J. Appl. Phys. 84 4891 DOI: 10.1063/1.368733
[74]	Marmier A, Lethbridge Z A D, Walton R I, Smith C W, Parker S C, Evans K E 2010 Comput. Phys. Commun. 181 2102 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpc.2010.08.033
[75]	Ma Z Y, Wang P, Yan F, Shi C L, Tian Y 2019 Chin. Phys. B 28 036101 DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/28/3/036101
[76]	Zhang Q, Zou Y, Fan Q, Yang Y 2020 Materials 13 1280 DOI: 10.3390/ma13061280
[77]	Hu W C, Liu Y, Li D J, Zeng X Q, Xu C S 2014 Comput. Mater. Sci. 83 27 DOI: 10.1016/j.commatsci.2013.10.029

[1]	Recent progress on the planar Hall effect in quantum materials Jingyuan Zhong(钟景元), Jincheng Zhuang(庄金呈), and Yi Du(杜轶). Chin. Phys. B, 2023, 32(4): 047203.
[2]	Vortex bound states influenced by the Fermi surface anisotropy Delong Fang(方德龙). Chin. Phys. B, 2023, 32(3): 037403.
[3]	High repetition granular Co/Pt multilayers with improved perpendicular remanent magnetization for high-density magnetic recording Zhi Li(李智), Kun Zhang(张昆), Ao Du(杜奥), Hongchao Zhang(张洪超), Weibin Chen(陈伟斌), Ning Xu(徐宁), Runrun Hao(郝润润), Shishen Yan(颜世申), Weisheng Zhao(赵巍胜), and Qunwen Leng(冷群文). Chin. Phys. B, 2023, 32(2): 026803.
[4]	Bismuth doping enhanced tunability of strain-controlled magnetic anisotropy in epitaxial Y₃Fe₅O₁₂(111) films Yunpeng Jia(贾云鹏), Zhengguo Liang(梁正国), Haolin Pan(潘昊霖), Qing Wang(王庆), Qiming Lv(吕崎鸣), Yifei Yan(严轶非), Feng Jin(金锋), Dazhi Hou(侯达之), Lingfei Wang(王凌飞), and Wenbin Wu(吴文彬). Chin. Phys. B, 2023, 32(2): 027501.
[5]	Thickness-dependent magnetic properties in Pt/[Co/Ni]_n multilayers with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy Chunjie Yan(晏春杰), Lina Chen(陈丽娜), Kaiyuan Zhou(周恺元), Liupeng Yang(杨留鹏), Qingwei Fu(付清为), Wenqiang Wang(王文强), Wen-Cheng Yue(岳文诚), Like Liang(梁力克), Zui Tao(陶醉), Jun Du(杜军),Yong-Lei Wang(王永磊), and Ronghua Liu(刘荣华). Chin. Phys. B, 2023, 32(1): 017503.
[6]	Anisotropic superconducting properties of FeSe_0.5Te_0.5 single crystals Jia-Ming Zhao(赵佳铭) and Zhi-He Wang(王智河). Chin. Phys. B, 2022, 31(9): 097402.
[7]	In-plane optical anisotropy of two-dimensional VOCl single crystal with weak interlayer interaction Ruijie Wang(王瑞洁), Qilong Cui(崔其龙), Wen Zhu(朱文), Yijie Niu(牛艺杰), Zhanfeng Liu(刘站锋), Lei Zhang(张雷), Xiaojun Wu(武晓君), Shuangming Chen(陈双明), and Li Song(宋礼). Chin. Phys. B, 2022, 31(9): 096802.
[8]	Exchange-coupling-induced fourfold magnetic anisotropy in CoFeB/FeRh bilayer grown on SrTiO₃(001) Qingrong Shao(邵倾蓉), Jing Meng(孟婧), Xiaoyan Zhu(朱晓艳), Yali Xie(谢亚丽), Wenjuan Cheng(程文娟), Dongmei Jiang(蒋冬梅), Yang Xu(徐杨), Tian Shang(商恬), and Qingfeng Zhan(詹清峰). Chin. Phys. B, 2022, 31(8): 087503.
[9]	Voltage control magnetism and ferromagnetic resonance in an Fe₁₉Ni₈₁/PMN-PT heterostructure by strain Jun Ren(任军), Junming Li(李军明), Sheng Zhang(张胜), Jun Li(李骏), Wenxia Su(苏文霞), Dunhui Wang(王敦辉), Qingqi Cao(曹庆琪), and Youwei Du(都有为). Chin. Phys. B, 2022, 31(7): 077502.
[10]	The 50 nm-thick yttrium iron garnet films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy Shuyao Chen(陈姝瑶), Yunfei Xie(谢云飞), Yucong Yang(杨玉聪), Dong Gao(高栋), Donghua Liu(刘冬华), Lin Qin(秦林), Wei Yan(严巍), Bi Tan(谭碧), Qiuli Chen(陈秋丽), Tao Gong(龚涛), En Li(李恩), Lei Bi(毕磊), Tao Liu(刘涛), and Longjiang Deng(邓龙江). Chin. Phys. B, 2022, 31(4): 048503.
[11]	Perpendicular magnetization and exchange bias in epitaxial NiO/[Ni/Pt]₂ multilayers Lin-Ao Huang(黄林傲), Mei-Yu Wang(王梅雨), Peng Wang(王鹏), Yuan Yuan(袁源), Ruo-Bai Liu(刘若柏), Tian-Yu Liu(刘天宇), Yu Lu(卢羽), Jia-Rui Chen(陈家瑞), Lu-Jun Wei(魏陆军), Wei Zhang(张维), Biao You(游彪), Qing-Yu Xu(徐庆宇), and Jun Du(杜军). Chin. Phys. B, 2022, 31(2): 027506.
[12]	A new direct band gap silicon allotrope o-Si32 Xin-Chao Yang(杨鑫超), Qun Wei(魏群), Mei-Guang Zhang(张美光), Ming-Wei Hu(胡明玮), Lin-Qian Li(李林茜), and Xuan-Min Zhu(朱轩民). Chin. Phys. B, 2022, 31(2): 026104.
[13]	Experimental realization of two-dimensional single-layer ultracold gases of ⁸⁷Rb in an accordion lattice Liangwei Wang(王良伟), Kai Wen(文凯), Fangde Liu(刘方德), Yunda Li(李云达), Pengjun Wang(王鹏军), Lianghui Huang(黄良辉), Liangchao Chen(陈良超), Wei Han(韩伟), Zengming Meng(孟增明), and Jing Zhang(张靖). Chin. Phys. B, 2022, 31(10): 103401.
[14]	Effect of interface anisotropy on tilted growth of eutectics: A phase field study Mei-Rong Jiang(姜美荣), Jun-Jie Li(李俊杰), Zhi-Jun Wang(王志军), and Jin-Cheng Wang(王锦程). Chin. Phys. B, 2022, 31(10): 108101.
[15]	Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy of Pd/Co₂MnSi/NiFe₂O₄/Pd multilayers on F-mica substrates Qingwang Bai(白青旺), Bin Guo(郭斌), Qin Yin(尹钦), and Shuyun Wang(王书运). Chin. Phys. B, 2022, 31(1): 017501.

No Suggested Reading articles found!

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Metrics
Related Articles

tP40 carbon: A novel superhard carbon allotrope

Cite this article:

Online attention