| SPECIAL TOPIC — Ultrafast physics in atomic, molecular and optical systems |
Prev
Next
|
|
|
Intensity-dependent control of dissociation pathways in strong-field double ionization of ethylene |
| Jianting Lei(雷建廷)1,2,†, Luqi Li(李潞琪)1,5,†, Xiangjie Chen(陈祥杰)1, Chenyu Tao(陶琛玉)2,3, Shuncheng Yan(闫顺成)2,3, Qingcao Liu(刘情操)1,‡, and Shaofeng Zhang(张少锋)2,3,4,§ |
1 College of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China;
2 Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
3 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
4 State Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Science and Technology, Lanzhou 730000, China;
5 School of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract We investigate the dissociation dynamics of ethylene (C$_{2}$H$_{4}$) in strong femtosecond laser fields using a reaction microscope. Coincidence ion detection enables reconstruction of fragment momenta and identification of multiple two-body channels of C$_{2}$H$_{4}^{2+}$, including C$_{2}$H$_{3}^{+} + {\rm H}^{+}$, CH$_{2}^{+} + {\rm CH}_{2}^{+}$, and C$_{2}$H$_{2}^{+} + {\rm H}_{2}^{+}$. Particular attention is given to the symmetric CH$_{2}^{+} + {\rm CH}_{2}^{+}$ channel. With increasing laser intensity, the kinetic energy release peak shifts from 5.2 eV to 7.3 eV, indicating a transition from dissociation via lower excited states (e.g., $^{3}$B$_{\rm 3u}$ and $^{1}$A$_{\rm u}$ (S$_{2}$)) to higher-lying states (e.g., $^{3}$Ag and $^{1}$B$_{\rm 3g}$). The observed evolution of state populations highlights that peak laser power density governs the selection of dissociation pathways. By tuning laser parameters, specific channels can be enhanced or suppressed, providing an effective approach for steering molecular fragmentation dynamics in polyatomic systems.
|
Received: 11 November 2025
Revised: 07 January 2026
Accepted manuscript online: 09 January 2026
|
|
PACS:
|
33.80.-b
|
(Photon interactions with molecules)
|
| |
33.80.Rv
|
(Multiphoton ionization and excitation to highly excited states (e.g., Rydberg states))
|
| |
34.50.-s
|
(Scattering of atoms and molecules)
|
| |
34.50.Lf
|
(Chemical reactions)
|
| |
07.77.-n
|
(Atomic, molecular, and charged-particle sources and detectors)
|
|
| Fund: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12304376, 12504397, and 12204132), the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (Grant Nos. ZR2025QC1459, TSQN202408113, and ZR2023QA075), and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2022YFA1602500). |
Corresponding Authors:
Qingcao Liu, Shaofeng Zhang
E-mail: qingcao.liu@hit.edu.cn;zhangshf@impcas.ac.cn
|
Cite this article:
Jianting Lei(雷建廷), Luqi Li(李潞琪), Xiangjie Chen(陈祥杰), Chenyu Tao(陶琛玉), Shuncheng Yan(闫顺成), Qingcao Liu(刘情操), and Shaofeng Zhang(张少锋) Intensity-dependent control of dissociation pathways in strong-field double ionization of ethylene 2026 Chin. Phys. B 35 043301
|
[1] Song M Y, Yoon J S, Cho H, Karwasz G P, Kokoouline V, Nakamura Y and Tennyson J 2017 J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 46 013106
[2] Hosaka K, Yokoyama A, Yamanouchi K and Itakura R 2013 J. Chem. Phys. 138 204301
[3] Naikoo G A, Arshad F, Hassan I U, Tabook M A, Pedram M Z, Mustaqeem M, Tabassum H, Ahmed W and Rezakazemi M 2021 Front. Chem. 9 736801
[4] Watanabe N and Takahashi M 2023 Phys. Rev. A 108 042814
[5] Das R, Pandey D K, Soumyashree S, Madhusudhan P, Nimma V, Bhardwaj P, Shameem M K M, Singh D K and Kushawaha R K 2022 Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 24 18306
[6] ZhangW, Gong X, Li H, Lu P, Sun F, Ji Q, Lin K, Ma J, Li H and Qiang J 2019 Nat. Commun. 10 757
[7] Zhang W, Yu Z, Gong X, Wang J, Lu P, Li H, Song Q, Ji Q, Lin K and Ma J 2017 Phys. Rev. Lett. 119 253202
[8] Sun R and Xin P 2024 Phys. Scr. 99 105412
[9] Hu C X, Li W Z, Zhang W B, Gong X C, Wu J and He F 2021 Phys. Rev. A 103 043122
[10] Wang Y, Lai X, Yu S, Sun R, Liu X, Dorner-Kirchner M, Erattupuzha S, Larimian S, Koch M and Hanus V 2020 Phys. Rev. Lett. 125 063202
[11] Jin W, Wang C, Zhao X, Yang Y, Ren D, Liu Z, Li X, Luo S and Ding D 2024 Chin. Phys. Lett. 41 053101
[12] Richard B, Boll R, Banerjee S, Schäfer J M, Jurek Z, Kastirke G, Fehre K, Schöffler M S, Anders N and Baumann T M 2025 Science 389 650
[13] Yao H, GuoW, HoffmannMR and Han K 2014 Phys. Rev. A 90 063418
[14] Brun F, Ribotte L, Boutoux G, Davoine X, Masson-Laborde P, Sentoku Y, Iwata N, Blanchot N, Batani D and Lantuéjoul I 2024 Matter Radiat. Extremes 9 057203
[15] Chen L, Shan X, Wang E, Ren X, Zhao X, Huang W and Chen X 2019 Phys. Rev. A 100 062707
[16] Xie H B, Li C, He N, Wang C, Zhang S and Chen J 2014 Environ. Sci. Technol. 48 1700
[17] Pan S, Hu C, Zhang Z, Lu P, Lu C, Zhou L,Wang J, Sun F, Qiang J and Li H 2022 Ultrafast Sci. 2022 9863548
[18] Li X, Boll R, Vindel-Zandbergen P, González-Vázquez J, Rivas D E, Bhattacharyya S, Borne K, Chen K, De Fanis A and Erk B 2025 Nat. Commun. 16 7006
[19] Liu Y R, Bai X, Nan Q W, Kimberg V, Gong M, Yang Y K, Cheng Y, Chen J, Vendrell O and Ueda K 2025 Commun. Phys. 8 331
[20] KlingMF, Von Den Hoff P, Znakovskaya I and de Vivie-Riedle R 2013 Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 15 9448
[21] Rathje T, Sayler A, Zeng S, Wustelt P, Figger H, Esry B and Paulus G 2013 Phys. Rev. Lett. 111 093002
[22] Kinugawa T, Lablanquie P, Penent F, Palaudoux J and Eland J 2004 J. Electron. Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 141 143
[23] Xie X, Doblhoff-Dier K, Roither S, Schöffler M S, Kartashov D, Xu H, Rathje T, Paulus G G, Baltuška A and Gräfe S 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 243001
[24] Znakovskaya I, von Den Hoff P, Zherebtsov S, Wirth A, Herrwerth O, Vrakking M J, de Vivie-Riedle R and Kling M F 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 103002
[25] Lezius M, Blanchet V, Ivanov M Y and Stolow A 2002 J. Chem. Phys. 117 1575
[26] Markevitch A N, Smith S M, Romanov D A, Schlegel H B, Ivanov M Y and Levis R J 2003 Phys. Rev. A 68 011402
[27] Appell J, Durup J, Fehsenfeld F and Fournier P 1974 J. Phys. B: Atom. Mol. Phys. 7 406
[28] Fournier P, Fournier J, LangfordMand Harris F 1993 Chem. Phys. 178 581
[29] Rye R, Madey T, Houston J and Holloway P 1978 J. Chem. Phys. 69 1504
[30] Thompson M, Hewitt P A and Wooliscroft D S 1976 Anal. Chem. 48 1336
[31] Gaire B, Lee S, Haxton D, Pelz P, Bocharova I, Sturm F, Gehrken N, Honig M, Pitzer M and Metz D 2014 Phys. Rev. A 89 013403
[32] Jochim B, Erdwien R, Malakar Y, Severt T, Berry B, Feizollah P, Rajput J, Kaderiya B, Pearson W and Carnes K 2017 New J. Phys. 19 103006
[33] Wang B, Wei L, Zhang Y, Yu W, Zou Y, Chen L and Wei B 2020 J. Phys. B 53 155205
[34] Kalugina Y N, Cherepanov V N, Buldakov M A, Zvereva-Löete N and Boudon V 2012 J. Comput. Chem. 33 319
[35] Luo D, Wei B, Zhang Y, Zou Y, Hutton R, Chen F and Wang X 2018 J. Phys. B 51 165203
[36] Song Q, Gong X, Ji Q, Lin K, Pan H, Ding J, Zeng H and Wu J 2015 J. Phys. B 48 094007
[37] Guo C, Li M, Nibarger J P and Gibson G N 1998 Phys. Rev. A 58 R4271
[38] Xie X, Roither S, Schöffler M, Lötstedt E, Kartashov D, Zhang L, Paulus G G, Iwasaki A, Baltuška A and Yamanouchi K 2014 Phys. Rev. X 4 021005 |
| No Suggested Reading articles found! |
|
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
Altmetric
|
|
blogs
Facebook pages
Wikipedia page
Google+ users
|
Online attention
Altmetric calculates a score based on the online attention an article receives. Each coloured thread in the circle represents a different type of online attention. The number in the centre is the Altmetric score. Social media and mainstream news media are the main sources that calculate the score. Reference managers such as Mendeley are also tracked but do not contribute to the score. Older articles often score higher because they have had more time to get noticed. To account for this, Altmetric has included the context data for other articles of a similar age.
View more on Altmetrics
|
|
|
