Diamond NV center quantum magnetic sensor using a dual-frequency broadband antenna

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/add900

Abstract This paper presents a compact broadband antenna that overcomes bandwidth limitations in a diamond nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center-based quantum magnetic sensor. Conventional antennas struggle to achieve both broadband operation and compact integration, restricting the sensitivity and dynamic range of the sensor. The broadband antenna based on a dual-frequency monopole structure achieves a bandwidth extension of 777 MHz at the Zeeman splitting frequency of 2.87 GHz, with the dual resonant points positioned near 2.87 GHz. Additionally, high-resolution imaging of the microwave magnetic field on the antenna surface was performed using a diamond optical fiber probe, which verified the dual-frequency design principle. Experimental results using the proposed antenna demonstrate the outstanding performance of the NV center-based magnetic sensor: a sensitivity of 55 nT/Hz$^{1/2}$ and a dynamic range of up to 54.0 dB. Compared to sensors using conventional antennas, the performance has been significantly improved.

Keywords: nitrogen-vacancy center broadband antenna quantum magnetometry dual-frequency structure

Received: 12 February 2025
Revised: 12 April 2025
Accepted manuscript online: 15 May 2025

PACS:	42.50.Ex	(Optical implementations of quantum information processing and transfer)
	07.55.Ge	(Magnetometers for magnetic field measurements)
	03.65.Yz	(Decoherence; open systems; quantum statistical methods)

Fund: Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2021YFB2012600), the Science and Technology Plan Project of the State Administration of Market Regulation, China (Grant No. 2021MK039), and the Suqian Talent Elite Program (Grant No. SQQN202414).

Corresponding Authors: Guan-Xiang Du
E-mail: duguanxiang@njupt.edu.cn

Cite this article:

Ke-Qi Shi(施柯琦), Heng Hang(杭衡), Wen-Tao Lu(卢文韬), Jing-Cheng Huang(黄竟成), Na Li(李娜), Jin-Xu Wang(王金旭), Zeng-Bo Xu(许增博), Lin-Yan Yu(虞林嫣), Sheng-Kai Xia(夏圣开), Yu-Chen Bian(卞雨辰), and Guan-Xiang Du(杜关祥) Diamond NV center quantum magnetic sensor using a dual-frequency broadband antenna 2025 Chin. Phys. B 34 094205

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