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Floquet engineering of a dynamical Z2 lattice gauge field with ultracold atoms |
| Xiangxiang Sun(孙祥祥)1,2, Hao-Yue Qi(齐浩月)1,2, Pengfei Zhang(张鹏飞)3,4,5,†, and Wei Zheng(郑炜)1,2,5,‡ |
1 Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;
2 CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;
3 Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China;
4 Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, AI Tower, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200232, China;
5 Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China |
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Abstract Gauge field theory is a fundamental concept in modern physics, attracting many theoretical and experimental efforts towards its simulation. In this paper we propose that a simple model, in which fermions coupled to a dynamical lattice gauge field, can be engineered via the Floquet approach. The model possesses both an independent Maxwell term and local $Z_{2}$ gauge symmetry. Our proposal relies on a species-dependent optical lattice, and can be achieved in one, two or three dimensions. By a unitary transformation, this model can be mapped into a non-interacting composite fermion system with fluctuating background charge. With the help of this composite fermion picture, two characteristic observations are predicted. One is radio-frequency spectroscopy, which exhibits no dispersion in all parameter regimes. The second is dynamical localization, which depends on the structure of the initial states.
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Received: 24 May 2024
Revised: 08 August 2024
Accepted manuscript online: 30 August 2024
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PACS:
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03.67.Ac
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(Quantum algorithms, protocols, and simulations)
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11.15.Ha
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(Lattice gauge theory)
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| Fund: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. GG2030007011(WZ), GG203004045(WZ), and 12374477(PZ)) and Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology (Grant No. 2021ZD0302004 (WZ)). |
Corresponding Authors:
Pengfei Zhang, Wei Zheng
E-mail: PengfeiZhang.physics@gmail.com;zw8796@ustc.edu.cn
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Cite this article:
Xiangxiang Sun(孙祥祥), Hao-Yue Qi(齐浩月), Pengfei Zhang(张鹏飞), and Wei Zheng(郑炜) Floquet engineering of a dynamical Z2 lattice gauge field with ultracold atoms 2024 Chin. Phys. B 33 110304
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