Real-time programmable coding metasurface antenna for multibeam switching and scanning

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/ac80b2

Abstract Novel electromagnetic wave modulation by programmable dynamic metasurface promotes the device design freedom, while multibeam antennas have sparked tremendous interest in wireless communications. A programmable coding antenna based on active metasurface elements (AMSEs) is proposed in this study, allowing scanning and state switching of multiple beams in real time. To obtain the planar array phase distribution in quick response, the aperture field superposition and discretization procedures are investigated. Without the need for a massive algorithm or elaborate design, this electronically controlled antenna with integrated radiation and phase-shift functions can flexibly manipulate the scattering state of multiple beams under field-programmable gate array (FPGA) control. Simulation and experimental results show that the multiple directional beams dynamically generated in the metasurface upper half space have good radiation performance, with the main lobe directions closely matching the predesigned angles. This metasurface antenna has great potential for future applications in multitarget radar, satellite navigation, and reconfigurable intelligent metasurfaces.

Keywords: programmable coding metasurface multibeam modulation real-time control antenna

Received: 27 April 2022
Revised: 27 April 2022
Accepted manuscript online: 13 July 2022

PACS:	07.05.Tp	(Computer modeling and simulation)
	03.65.Vf	(Phases: geometric; dynamic or topological)
	41.20.Jb	(Electromagnetic wave propagation; radiowave propagation)

Corresponding Authors: Qiu-Rong Zheng
E-mail: zqr1620@sina.com

Cite this article:

Jia-Yu Yu(余佳宇), Qiu-Rong Zheng(郑秋容)^†, Bin Zhang(张斌), Jie He(贺杰), Xiang-Ming Hu(胡湘明), and Jie Liu(刘杰) Real-time programmable coding metasurface antenna for multibeam switching and scanning 2022 Chin. Phys. B 31 090704

[1] Cui T J 2017 J. Opt. 19 084004
[2] Abdullah M and Koziel S 2022 IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. 70 264
[3] Yang H H, Li T, Xu L M, Cao X Y, Jidi L R, Guo Z X, Li P and Gao J 2021 IEEE Trans. Anten. Propag. 69 1239
[4] Poddubny A, Iorsh I, Belov P and Kivshar Y 2013 Nat. Photon. 7 948
[5] Qiu T S, Shi X, Wang J F, Li Y F, Qu S B, Cheng Q, Cui T J and Sui S 2019 Adv. Sci. 6 1900128
[6] Ergin T, Stenger N, Brenner P, Pendry J B and Wegener M 2010 Science 328 337
[7] Brongersma M L 2021 Nanophotonics 10 643
[8] Hu R, Zhou S L, Li Y, Lei D Y, Luo X B and Qiu C W 2018 Adv. Mater. 30 1707237
[9] Hosseininejad S E, Rouhi K, Neshat M, Cabellos-Aparicio A, Abadal S and Alarcon E 2019 IEEE Trans. Nanotechnol. 18 734
[10] Xu H X, Wang S J, Wang C H, Wang M Z, Wang Y Z and Peng Q 2022 IEEE Trans. Anten. Propag. 70 1895
[11] Pedross-Engel A, Arnitz D, Gollub J N, Yurduseven O, Trofatter K P, Imani M F, Sleasman T, Boyarsky M, Fu X J, Marks D L, Smith D R and Reynolds M S 2018 IEEE Trans. Comput. Imaging 4 184
[12] Ding G W, Chen K, Luo X Y, Qian G X, Zhao J M, Jiang T and Feng Y J 2020 Nanophotonics 9 2977
[13] Rajabalipanah H, Abdolali A and Rouhi K 2020 IEEE J. Emerg. Sel. Top. Circuits Syst. 10 75
[14] Li R J, Liu H X, Xu P, Han J Q and Li L 2022 J. Phys. D:Appl. Phys. 55 225302
[15] Xu H J, Xu S H, Yang F and Li M K 2020 IEEE Anten. Wireless Propag. Lett. 19 1896
[16] Han J Q, Li L, Ma X J, Gao X H, Mu Y J, Liao G S, Luo Z J and Cui T J 2022 IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. 69 8524
[17] Pan X T, Yang F, Xu S H and Li M K 2021 IEEE Trans. Anten. Propag. 69 173
[18] Zhang N, Chen K, Zheng Y L, Hu Q, Qu K, Zhao J M, Wang J and Feng Y J 2020 IEEE J. Emerg. Sel. Top. Circuits Syst. 10 20
[19] Bai X D, Kong F W, Sun Y T, Wang G F, Qian J Y, Li X B, Cao A J, He C, Liang X L, Jin R H and Zhu W R 2020 Adv. Opt. Mater. 8 2000570
[20] Li S J, Li Y B, Zhang L, Luo Z J, Han B W, Li R Q, Cao X Y, Cheng Q and Cui T J 2021 Laser Photon. Rev. 15 2000449
[21] Luo J, Li L, Su J R, Ma R B, Han G R and Zhang W M 2021 IEEE Anten. Wireless Propag. Lett. 20 1582
[22] Wu R Y, Bao L, Wu L W and Cui T J 2020 Sci. China-Phys. Mech. Astron. 63 284211
[23] Nayeri P, Yang F and Elsherbeni A Z 2012 IEEE Trans. Anten. Propag. 60 1166
[24] Zhang N, Zhao J M, Chen K, Zhao J M, Jiang T and Feng Y J 2021 Acta Phys. Sin. 70 178102 (in Chinese)
[25] Wan X, Qi M Q, Chen T Y and Cui T J 2016 Sci. Rep. 6 20663
[26] Li W H, Qiu T S, Wang J F, Zheng L, Jing Y, Jia Y X, Wang H, Han Y J and Qu S B 2021 IEEE Trans. Anten. Propag. 69 296
[27] Huang J and Encinar J A 2008 Reflectarray Antennas (Hoboken:John Wiley and Sons) pp. 68-72
[28] Bodehou M, Martini E, Maci S, Huynen I and Craeye C 2020 IEEE Trans. Anten. Propag. 68 1273
[29] Jiang Z H, Kang L, Yue T W, Hong W and Werner D H 2020 IEEE Trans. Anten. Propag. 68 217

[1]	High gain and circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide cavity antenna array based on metasurface Hao Bai(白昊), Guang-Ming Wang(王光明), and Xiao-Jun Zou(邹晓鋆). Chin. Phys. B, 2023, 32(1): 014101.
[2]	Design of a low-frequency miniaturized piezoelectric antenna based on acoustically actuated principle Yong Zhang(张勇), Zhong-Ming Yan(严仲明), Tian-Hao Han(韩天浩), Shuang-Shuang Zhu(朱双双), Yu Wang(王豫), and Hong-Cheng Zhou(周洪澄). Chin. Phys. B, 2022, 31(7): 077702.
[3]	A multi-frequency circularly polarized metasurface antenna array based on quarter-mode substrate integrated waveguide for sub-6 applications Hao Bai(白昊), Guang-Ming Wang(王光明), Xiao-Jun Zou(邹晓鋆), Peng Xie(谢鹏), and Yi-Ping Shi(石一平). Chin. Phys. B, 2022, 31(5): 054102.
[4]	A low-cost invasive microwave ablation antenna with a directional heating pattern Zhang Wen(文章), Xian-Qi Lin(林先其), Chen-Nan Li(李晨楠), and Yu-Lu Fan(樊钰璐). Chin. Phys. B, 2022, 31(3): 038401.
[5]	Terahertz generation and detection of LT-GaAs thin film photoconductive antennas excited by lasers of different wavelengths Xin Liu(刘欣), Qing-Hao Meng(孟庆昊), Jing Ding(丁晶), Zhi-Chen Bai(白志晨), Jia-Hui Wang(王佳慧), Cong Zhang(张聪), Bo Su(苏波), and Cun-Lin Zhang(张存林). Chin. Phys. B, 2022, 31(2): 028701.
[6]	Single-beam leaky-wave antenna with wide scanning angle and high scanning rate based on spoof surface plasmon polariton Huan Jiang(蒋欢), Xiang-Yu Cao(曹祥玉), Tao Liu(刘涛), Liaori Jidi(吉地辽日), and Sijia Li(李思佳). Chin. Phys. B, 2022, 31(10): 104101.
[7]	Brightening single-photon emitters by combining an ultrathin metallic antenna and a silicon quasi-BIC antenna Shangtong Jia(贾尚曈), Zhi Li(李智), and Jianjun Chen(陈建军). Chin. Phys. B, 2022, 31(1): 014209.
[8]	Design and optimization of a nano-antenna hybrid structure for solar energy harvesting application Mohammad Javad Rabienejhad, Mahdi Davoudi-Darareh, and Azardokht Mazaheri. Chin. Phys. B, 2021, 30(9): 098503.
[9]	Shared aperture metasurface antenna for electromagnetic vortices generation with different topological charges He Wang(王贺), Yong-Feng Li(李勇峰), and Shao-Bo Qu(屈绍波). Chin. Phys. B, 2021, 30(8): 084101.
[10]	A novel receiver-transmitter metasurface for a high-aperture-efficiency Fabry-Perot resonator antenna Peng Xie(谢鹏), Guangming Wang(王光明), Binfeng Zong(宗彬锋), and Xiaojun Zou(邹晓鋆). Chin. Phys. B, 2021, 30(8): 084103.
[11]	Characteristic mode analysis of wideband high-gain and low-profile metasurface antenna Kun Gao(高坤), Xiang-Yu Cao(曹祥玉), Jun Gao(高军), Huan-Huan Yang(杨欢欢), and Jiang-Feng Han(韩江枫). Chin. Phys. B, 2021, 30(6): 064101.
[12]	Design and optimization of nano-antenna for thermal ablation of liver cancer cells Mohammad Javad Rabienejhad, Azardokht Mazaheri, and Mahdi Davoudi-Darareh. Chin. Phys. B, 2021, 30(4): 048401.
[13]	Photonic-plasmonic hybrid microcavities: Physics and applications Hongyu Zhang(张红钰), Wen Zhao(赵闻), Yaotian Liu(刘耀天), Jiali Chen(陈佳丽), Xinyue Wang(王欣月), and Cuicui Lu(路翠翠). Chin. Phys. B, 2021, 30(11): 117801.
[14]	Stretchable electromagnetic interference shielding and antenna for wireless strain sensing by anisotropic micron-steel-wire based conductive elastomers Xiaoyu Hu(胡晓宇), Linlin Mou(牟琳琳), and Zunfeng Liu(刘遵峰). Chin. Phys. B, 2021, 30(1): 018401.
[15]	Spoof surface plasmon polaritons excited leaky-wave antenna with continuous scanning range from endfire to forward Tao Zhong(钟涛), Hou Zhang(张厚). Chin. Phys. B, 2020, 29(9): 094101.

No Suggested Reading articles found!

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Metrics
Related Articles

Real-time programmable coding metasurface antenna for multibeam switching and scanning

Cite this article:

Online attention