| INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT |
Prev
Next
|
|
|
Development of a cryogen-free dilution refrigerator |
| Zhongqing Ji(姬忠庆)1,3, Jie Fan(樊洁)1,3, Jing Dong(董靖)1, Yongbo Bian(边勇波)1, and Zhi-Gang Cheng(程智刚)1,2,3,† |
1 Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
2 School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
3 Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract With thermal fluctuation strongly suppressed, low temperature environment is essential for studies of condensed matter physics and developments of quantum technologies. Ultra-low temperature below 20 mK has demonstrated its importance and significance in physical sciences and information techniques. Dilution refrigeration is by far the best feasible and reliable method to generate and keep lattice temperature in this range. With a potential shortage of helium supply, cryogen-free dilution refrigerator (CFDR), eliminating the necessity of regular helium refill, becomes the main facility for the purpose of creating ultralow temperature environments. Here we describe our successful construction of a CFDR which reached a base temperature of around 10.9 mK for continuous circulation and 8.6 mK for single-shot operation. We describe its operating mechanism and the designs of key components, especially some unique designs including heat switch and alumina thermal link. Possible improvements in the future are also discussed.
|
Received: 18 July 2022
Revised: 06 September 2022
Accepted manuscript online: 08 September 2022
|
|
PACS:
|
07.20.Mc
|
(Cryogenics; refrigerators, low-temperature detectors, and other low-temperature equipment)
|
| |
67.25.-k
|
(4He)
|
| |
67.30.-n
|
(3He)
|
| |
67.25.bh
|
(Films and restricted geometries)
|
|
| Fund: This work was supported by Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, CAS (Grant No. ZDBS-LY-SLH0010), Beijing Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. JQ21002), and Beijing Council of Science and Technology (Grant Nos. Z201100008420006 and Z211100004021012). |
Corresponding Authors:
Zhi-Gang Cheng
E-mail: zgcheng@iphy.ac.cn
|
Cite this article:
Zhongqing Ji(姬忠庆), Jie Fan(樊洁), Jing Dong(董靖), Yongbo Bian(边勇波), and Zhi-Gang Cheng(程智刚) Development of a cryogen-free dilution refrigerator 2022 Chin. Phys. B 31 120703
|
[1] Tsui D C, Stormer H L and Gossard A C 1982 Phys. Rev. Lett. 48 1559
[2] Willett R L, Pfeiffer L N and West K W 2009 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106 8853
[3] Fu H, Wang P, Hu Z, Li Y and Lin X 2021 Chin. Phys. B 30 020702
[4] Pan W, Xia J S, Stormer H L, Tsui D C, Vicente C, Adams E D, Sullivan N S, Pfeiffer L N, Baldwin K W and West K W 2008 Phys. Rev. B 77 075307
[5] De-Picciotto R, Reznikov M, Heiblum M, Umansky V, Bunin G and Mahalu D 1997 Nature 389 162
[6] Mourik V, Zuo K, Frolov S M, Plissard S R, Bakkers E P A M and Kouwenhoven L P 2012 Science 336 1003
[7] Chang C Z, Zhang J, Feng X, Shen J, Zhang Z, Guo M, Li K, Ou Y, Wei P, Wang L L, Ji Z Q, Feng Y, Ji S, Chen X, Jia J, Dai X, Fang Z, Zhang S C, He K, Wang Y, Lu L, Ma X C and Xue Q K 2013 Science 340 167
[8] Li M, Li G, Cao L, Zhou X, Wang X, Jin C, Chiu C K, Pennycook S J, Wang Z and Gao H J 2022 Nature 606 890
[9] Arute F, Arya K, Babbush R, et al. 2019 Nature 574 505
[10] Song C, Xu K, Liu W, Yang C P, Zheng S B, Deng H, Xie Q, Huang K, Guo Q, Zhang L, Zhang P, Xu D, Zheng D, Zhu X, Wang H, Chen Y A, Lu C Y, Han S and Pan J W 2017 Phys. Rev. Lett. 119 180511
[11] Petta J R, Johnson A C, Taylor J M, Laird E A, Yacoby A, Lukin M D, Marcus C M, Hanson M P and Gossard A C 2005 Science 309 2180
[12] Devoret M H and Schoelkopf R J 2013 Science 339 1169
[13] Clarke J and Wilhelm F K 2008 Nature 453 1031
[14] Gifford W E and Longsworth R C 1966 Advances in Cryogenic Engineering Ed. Timmerhaus K D (Boston, MA: Springer US) pp. 171–179
[15] Gifford W E and McMahon H O 1959 Proceedings. 10th International Congress of Refrigeration Vol. 1
[16] Osheroff D D, Richardson R C and Lee D M 1972 Phys. Rev. Lett. 28 885
[17] Osheroff D D, Gully W J, Richardson R C and Lee D M 1972 Phys. Rev. Lett. 29 920
[18] Supplementary materials
[19] Saam W F and Laheurte J P 1971 Phys. Rev. A 4 1170
[20] Donnelly R J and Barenghi C F 1998 J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 27 1217
[21] Seligmann P, Edwards D O, Sarwinski R E and Tough J T 1969 Phys. Rev. 181 415
[22] Hsu W, Pines D and Aldrich C H 1985 Phys. Rev. B 32 7179
[23] Edwards D O and Pettersen M S 1992 J. Low Temp. Phys. 87 473
[24] Greywall D S 1983 Phys. Rev. B 27 2747
[25] Pobell F 2007 Matter and methods at low temperatures (Springer Science & Business Media)
[26] Folinsbee J T and Anderson A C 1973 Phys. Rev. Lett. 31 1580
[27] Folinsbee J T and Anderson A C 1974 J. Low Temp. Phys. 17 409
[28] Junker W R and Elbaum C 1975 Phys. Rev. Lett. 34 186
[29] Maris H J 1976 Phonon Propagation in Liquid Helium (Boston, MA: Springer US) pp. 77–86
[30] Lounasmaa O V 1974 Experimental principles and methods below 1 K (Academic Press)
[31] Uhlig K 1987 Cryogenics 27 454
[32] Kraus J, Uhlig E and Wiedemann W 1974 Cryogenics 14 29
[33] Zhao Z and Wang C 2019 Cryogenic Engineering and Technologies: Principles and Applications of Cryogen-Free Systems (CRC Press)
[34] Brunauer S, Emmett P H and Teller E 1938 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 60 309
[35] Berman R 1952 Proc. Phys. Soc. A 65 1029
[36] Uhlig K 2016 Cryogenics 79 35 |
| No Suggested Reading articles found! |
|
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
Altmetric
|
|
blogs
Facebook pages
Wikipedia page
Google+ users
|
Online attention
Altmetric calculates a score based on the online attention an article receives. Each coloured thread in the circle represents a different type of online attention. The number in the centre is the Altmetric score. Social media and mainstream news media are the main sources that calculate the score. Reference managers such as Mendeley are also tracked but do not contribute to the score. Older articles often score higher because they have had more time to get noticed. To account for this, Altmetric has included the context data for other articles of a similar age.
View more on Altmetrics
|
|
|
