An artificial synapse capable of regulating signal transmission speed in a neuromorphic network

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/ae1c2c

Abstract The regulation of signal transmission speed is one of the most important capabilities of the biological nervous system. This study explores the mechanisms and methods for regulating signal transmission speed among nonmyelinated neurons within the same brain region, starting from spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) of synapses. Building upon the Hodgkin-Huxley model, the dynamic behavior of synapses is incorporated, and the adaptive growth neuron (AGN) model is proposed. Artificial synaptic structures and neuronal physical nodes are also designed. The artificial synaptic structure exhibits unidirectionality, memory capacity, and STDP, enabling it to connect neuronal physical nodes through branching and merging structures. Furthermore, the artificial synapse can adjust signal transmission speed, regulate functional competition between different regions of the neuromorphic network, and promote information interaction. The findings of this study endow neuromorphic networks with the ability to regulate signal transmission speed over the long term, providing new insights into the development of neuromorphic networks.

Keywords: artificial synapse neuromorphic networks Hodgkin-Huxley model neuron circuit memristor neurodynamics

Received: 01 July 2025
Revised: 05 November 2025
Accepted manuscript online: 06 November 2025

PACS:	05.45.-a	(Nonlinear dynamics and chaos)
	87.19.lg	(Synapses: chemical and electrical (gap junctions))
	87.19.ll	(Models of single neurons and networks)

Fund: This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 62171182), the Natural Science Foundation Project of Hunan Province (Grant No. 2025JJ50345), and the Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of Hunan Province (Grant No. CX20240452).

Corresponding Authors: Jingru Sun
E-mail: jt_sunjr@hnu.edu.cn

Cite this article:

Jingru Sun(孙晶茹), Xiaosong Li(李晓崧), Yichuang Sun(孙义闯), Zining Xiong(熊子宁), and Jiqi He(何计奇) An artificial synapse capable of regulating signal transmission speed in a neuromorphic network 2026 Chin. Phys. B 35 010501

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An artificial synapse capable of regulating signal transmission speed in a neuromorphic network

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