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Chin. Phys. B, 2022, Vol. 31(6): 060505    DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/ac4a6e
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Dynamical quantum phase transition in XY chains with the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya and XZY-YZX three-site interactions

Kaiyuan Cao(曹凯源)1, Ming Zhong(钟鸣)1, and Peiqing Tong(童培庆)1,2,†
1 Department of Physics and Institute of Theoretical Physics, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China;
2 Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Numerical Simulation of Large Scale Complex Systems, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
Abstract  We study the dynamical quantum phase transitions (DQPTs) in the $XY$ chains with the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction and the $XZY$-$YZX$ type of three-site interaction after a sudden quench. Both the models can be mapped to the spinless free fermion models by the Jordan-Wigner and Bogoliubov transformations with the form $H=\sum_{k}ǎrepsilon_{k}(\eta^{†}_{k}\eta_{k}-\frac{1}{2})$, where the quasiparticle excitation spectra $ǎrepsilon_{k}$ may be smaller than 0 for some $k$ and are asymmetrical ($ǎrepsilon_{k}\neqǎrepsilon_{-k}$). It is found that the factors of Loschmidt echo equal 1 for some $k$ corresponding to the quasiparticle excitation spectra of the pre-quench Hamiltonian satisfying $ǎrepsilon_{k}\cdotǎrepsilon_{-k}<0$, when the quench is from the gapless phase. By considering the quench from different ground states, we obtain the conditions for the occurrence of DQPTs for the general $XY$ chains with gapless phase, and find that the DQPTs may not occur in the quench across the quantum phase transitions regardless of whether the quench is from the gapless phase to gapped phase or from the gapped phase to gapless phase. This is different from the DQPTs in the case of quench from the gapped phase to gapped phase, in which the DQPTs will always appear. Moreover, we analyze the different reasons for the absence of DQPTs in the quench from the gapless phase and the gapped phase. The conclusion can also be extended to the general quantum spin chains.
Keywords:  dynamical quantum phase transition      gapless phase      asymmetry excitation spectra  
Received:  29 October 2021      Revised:  19 December 2021      Accepted manuscript online:  12 January 2022
PACS:  05.30.-d (Quantum statistical mechanics)  
  75.10.Pq (Spin chain models)  
  05.30.Rt (Quantum phase transitions)  
Fund: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11975126 and 11575087).
Corresponding Authors:  Peiqing Tong     E-mail:  pqtong@njnu.edu.cn

Cite this article: 

Kaiyuan Cao(曹凯源), Ming Zhong(钟鸣), and Peiqing Tong(童培庆) Dynamical quantum phase transition in XY chains with the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya and XZY-YZX three-site interactions 2022 Chin. Phys. B 31 060505

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