1 Laboratory of Infrared Materials and Devices & Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Detection Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Research Institute of Advanced Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; 2 Ningbo Institute of Oceanography, Ningbo 315832, China; 3 Department of Microelectronic Science and Engineering, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
Abstract We reported a chalcogenide glass-based rib waveguide fabricated using photolithography and dry etching method. A commercial software (COMSOL Multiphysics) was used to optimize the waveguide structure and the distribution of the fundamental modes in the waveguide based on the complete vector finite component. We further employed thermal annealing to optimize the surface and sidewalls of the rib waveguides. It was found that the optimal annealing temperature for GeAsSeS films is 220 °C, and the roughness of the films could be significantly reduced by annealing. The zero-dispersion wavelength (ZDW) could be shifted to a short wavelength around ∼ 2.1 μ m via waveguide structural optimization, which promotes supercontinuum generation with a short wavelength pump laser source. The insertion loss of the waveguides with cross-sectional areas of 4.0 μ m× 3.5 μ m and 6.0 μ m× 3.5 μ m was measured using lens fiber and the cut-back method. The propagation loss of the 220 °C annealed waveguides could be as low as 1.9 dB/cm at 1550 nm.
Fund: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61904091 and 61775111), Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. LR18E010002), the Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo City, China (Grant No. 2019A610065), the International Cooperation Project of Ningbo City, China (Grant No. 2017D10009), and K. C. Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University, China.
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