| ELECTROMAGNETISM, OPTICS, ACOUSTICS, HEAT TRANSFER, CLASSICAL MECHANICS, AND FLUID DYNAMICS |
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Influence of warm eddies on sound propagation in the Gulf of Mexico |
| Yao Xiao(肖瑶)1,2, Zhenglin Li(李整林)1, Jun Li(李鋆)3, Jiaqi Liu(刘佳琪)4, Karim G Sabra5 |
1 State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3 China State Shipbuilding Corporation(CSSC) Systems Engineering Research Institute, Beijing 100049, China;
4 College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China;
5 Woodruff School Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 771 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0405, USA |
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Abstract An automatic detection method is employed to identify and track eddies in the Gulf of Mexico. The physical parameters of the eddies, such as lifespan, radius, and distribution position are first examined and used to determine the spatio-temporal evolution of a strong warm eddy separated from the Mexico current. Then, the influence of this strong warm eddy on sound propagation during its lifespan are comprehensively analyzed with the parabolic equation and explained by using the normal mode and ray theories. Additionally, the influence of mesoscale eddies on the redistribution of total depth-integrated energy among the normal modes in the deep water is also discussed. The variation of arrival angle is investigated to explain the spreading acoustic energy caused by eddies. Overall, the results show that warm eddies can change the propagation paths and cause the convergence zone to broaden and approach the sound source. Moreover, the warm eddy can disperse sound energy and cause the total depth-integrated energy to incline to a lower normal mode. Throughout the whole of these three periods (eddy generating, eddy maturing, and eddy terminating), the fluctuation in the transmission loss is up to 30 dB (depending on the relative location of eddy center to the source).
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Received: 28 January 2019
Revised: 22 February 2019
Accepted manuscript online:
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PACS:
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43.30.+m
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(Underwater sound)
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43.30.Bp
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(Normal mode propagation of sound in water)
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43.30.Cq
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(Ray propagation of sound in water)
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92.10.Vz
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(Underwater sound)
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| Fund: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11434012 and 41561144006). |
Corresponding Authors:
Zhenglin Li
E-mail: lzhl@mail.ioa.ac.cn
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Cite this article:
Yao Xiao(肖瑶), Zhenglin Li(李整林), Jun Li(李鋆), Jiaqi Liu(刘佳琪), Karim G Sabra Influence of warm eddies on sound propagation in the Gulf of Mexico 2019 Chin. Phys. B 28 054301
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