Evidence of GeO volatilization and its effect on the characteristics of HfO2 grown on Ge substrate

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/22/3/037702

Abstract HfO₂ films are deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) using tetrakis ethylmethylamino hafnium (TEMAH) as the hafnium precursor, while O₃ or H₂O is used as the oxygen precursor. After annealing at 500℃ in nitrogen, the thickness of Ge oxide's interfacial layer decreases, and the presence of GeO is observed at the H₂O-based HfO₂interface due to GeO volatilization, while it is not observed for the O₃-based HfO₂. The difference is attributed to the residue hydroxyl groups or H₂O molecules in H₂O-based HfO₂ hydrolyzing GeO₂ and forming GeO, whereas GeO is only formed by the typical reaction mechanism between GeO₂ and the Ge substrate for O₃-based HfO₂ after annealing. The volatilization of GeO deteriorates the characteristics of the high-κ films after annealing, which has effects on the variation of valence band offset and the C–V characteristics of HfO₂/Ge after annealing. The results are confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrical measurements.

Keywords: GeO volatilization H₂O-based HfO₂ O₃-based HfO₂ thermal stability

Received: 18 June 2012
Revised: 19 September 2012
Accepted manuscript online:

PACS:	77.55.D-
	82.80.Pv	(Electron spectroscopy (X-ray photoelectron (XPS), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), etc.))

Fund: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 60976068 and 61076097) and the Cultivation Fund of the Key Scientific and Technical Innovation Project of the Ministry of Education of China (Grant No. 708083).

Corresponding Authors: Fan Ji-Bin
E-mail: jbfan@mail.xidian.edu.cn

Cite this article:

Fan Ji-Bin (樊继斌), Liu Hong-Xia (刘红侠), Fei Cheng-Xi (费晨曦), Ma Fei (马飞), Fan Xiao-Jiao (范晓娇), Hao Yue (郝跃) Evidence of GeO volatilization and its effect on the characteristics of HfO₂ grown on Ge substrate 2013 Chin. Phys. B 22 037702

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Evidence of GeO volatilization and its effect on the characteristics of HfO2 grown on Ge substrate

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Evidence of GeO volatilization and its effect on the characteristics of HfO₂ grown on Ge substrate