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A time-dependent generalized Floquet calculation of the laser-induced lineshape in attosecond transient absorption spectra |
| Xu-Han Wang(王旭涵), Di Zhao(赵迪)†, and Peng-Bo Li(李蓬勃) |
| Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China |
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Abstract We introduce a time-dependent generalized Floquet (TDGF) approach to calculate attosecond transient absorption spectra of helium atoms subjected to the combination of an attosecond extreme ultraviolet (XUV) pulse and a delayed few-cycle infrared (IR) laser pulse. This TDGF approach provides a Floquet understanding of the laser-induced change of resonant absorption lineshape. It is analytically demonstrated that the phase shift of the time-dependent dipole moment that results in the lineshape changes consists of two components, the adiabatic laser-induced phase (LIP) due to the IR-induced Stark shifts of adiabatic Floquet states and the non-adiabatic phase correction due to the non-adiabatic IR-induced coupling between adiabatic Floquet states. Comparisons of the spectral lineshape calculated based on the TDGF approach with the results obtained with the LIP model [Phys. Rev. A 88 033409 (2013)] and the rotating-wave approximation (RWA) are presented for several typical cases, demonstrating that TDGF universally and accurately captures IR-induced lineshape changes. It is suggested that the LIP model works as long as the generalized adiabatic theorem [PRX Quantum 2 030302 (2021)] holds, and the RWA works when the higher-order IR-coupling effect in the formation of adiabatic Floquet states is neglectable.
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Received: 22 July 2025
Revised: 02 September 2025
Accepted manuscript online: 17 September 2025
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PACS:
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32.70.Jz
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(Line shapes, widths, and shifts)
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42.50.Hz
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(Strong-field excitation of optical transitions in quantum systems; multiphoton processes; dynamic Stark shift)
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| Fund: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. W2411002 and 12375018). |
Corresponding Authors:
Di Zhao
E-mail: d.zhao@mail.xjtu.edu.cn
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Cite this article:
Xu-Han Wang(王旭涵), Di Zhao(赵迪), and Peng-Bo Li(李蓬勃) A time-dependent generalized Floquet calculation of the laser-induced lineshape in attosecond transient absorption spectra 2025 Chin. Phys. B 34 113201
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