Abstract The spin-orbit torque via the spin Hall effect of heavy metals has shown promising prospect in driving the magnetization switching in spintronic devices due to the generated spin current from heavy metals. Recently, the 3d-light metals have been predicted the ability to generate orbital current and the associated orbital torques from the orbital Hall effect. However, few experiments have been carried out since it is quite hard to directly detect the orbital current-generated orbital torque. Here, we report an effective method to demonstrate the strong orbital torques in light metal Cr through a conversion process from orbital current to spin current by introducing the Pt interfacial layer in perpendicularly magnetized symmetric Pt/Co/Pt structures. A quite large and monotonically growth of orbital torque efficiency in Pt/Co/Pt/Cr with the increase of the thickness of Cr layer is obtained with the largest effective orbital torque efficiency around 2.6 Oe/(MA·cm-2) (1 Oe=79.5775 A·m-1). The ability of orbital torque to drive the magnetization switching is also reported with the critical switching current density down to the order of 106 A·cm-2. Our findings prove the efficiency for switching the magnetization from light metal Cr layers through the orbital Hall effect.
Fund: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 91963201 and 51671098), the 111 Project (Grant No. B20063), the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University PCSIRT (Grant No. IRT16R35), and the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province, China (Grant No. 22JR5RA474).
Corresponding Authors:
Yalu Zuo, Li Xi
E-mail: zuoyl@lzu.edu.cn;xili@lzu.edu.cn
Cite this article:
Hongfei Xie(谢宏斐), Yuhan Chang(常宇晗), Xi Guo(郭玺), Jianrong Zhang(张健荣), Baoshan Cui(崔宝山), Yalu Zuo(左亚路), and Li Xi(席力) Orbital torque of Cr-induced magnetization switching in perpendicularly magnetized Pt/Co/Pt/Cr heterostructures 2023 Chin. Phys. B 32 037502
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