INTERDISCIPLINARY PHYSICS AND RELATED AREAS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY |
Prev
Next
|
|
|
Photoelectrochemical activity of ZnO:Ag/rGO photo-anodes synthesized by two-steps sol-gel method |
D Ben Jemia1,2, M Karyaoui1,†, M A Wederni3, A Bardaoui1, M V Martinez-Huerta4, M Amlouk5, and R Chtourou1 |
1 Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Renewable Energy Systems LANSER, Research and Technology Center of Energy, Borj-Cedria Science and Technology Park, BP 95, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia; 2 Faculty of Science of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunisia; 3 Laboratory of Physics of Materials and Nanomaterials Applied to the Environment (LaPhyMNE), Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, Cité Erriadh, University of Gabès, 6079 Gabes, Tunisia; 4 lnstitute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry, CSIC, in Madrid, Spain; 5 Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Nanotechnology and Energy (L2NE), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunisia |
|
|
Abstract This work investigated the influence of silver plasmon and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) on the photoelectrochemical performance (PEC) of ZnO thin films synthesized by the sol-gel method. The physicochemical properties of the obtained photo-anodes were systematically studied by using several characterization techniques. The x-ray diffraction analysis showed that all samples presented hexagonal wurtzite structure with a polycrystalline nature. Raman and energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) studies confirmed the existence of both Ag and rGO in ZnO:Ag/rGO thin films. The estimated grain size obtained from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis decreased with Ag doping, then increased to a maximum value after rGO addition. The UV-vis transmission spectra of the as-prepared ZnO:Ag and ZnO:Ag/rGO thin films have shown a reduction in the visible range with a redshift at the absorption edges. The bandgaps were estimated to be around 3.17 eV, 2.7 eV, and 2.52 eV for ZnO, ZnO:Ag, and ZnO:Ag/rGO, respectively. Moreover, the electrical measurements revealed that the charge exchange processes were enhanced at the ZnO:Ag/rGO/electrolyte interface, accompanied by an increase in the (PEC) performance compared to ZnO and ZnO:Ag photo-anodes. Consequently, the photocurrent density of ZnO:Ag/rGO (0.2 mA·cm-2) was around 4 and 2.22 times higher than photo-anodes based on undoped ZnO (0.05 mA·cm-2) and ZnO:Ag (0.09 mA·cm-2), respectively. Finally, from the flat band potential and donor density, deduced from the Mott-Schottky, it was clear that all the samples were n-type semiconductors with the highest carrier density for the ZnO:Ag/rGO photo-anode.
|
Received: 20 May 2021
Revised: 29 November 2021
Accepted manuscript online:
|
PACS:
|
82.47.Wx
|
(Electrochemical engineering)
|
|
77.55.hf
|
(ZnO)
|
|
68.65.Pq
|
(Graphene films)
|
|
72.80.Vp
|
(Electronic transport in graphene)
|
|
Fund: This work is funded by Tunisian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research through the budget allowed to the implied Tunisian labs. |
Corresponding Authors:
M Karyaoui,E-mail:karyaoui@gmail.com
E-mail: karyaoui@gmail.com
|
About author: 2021-12-31 |
Cite this article:
D Ben Jemia, M Karyaoui, M A Wederni, A Bardaoui, M V Martinez-Huerta, M Amlouk, and R Chtourou Photoelectrochemical activity of ZnO:Ag/rGO photo-anodes synthesized by two-steps sol-gel method 2022 Chin. Phys. B 31 058201
|
[1] Arifin K, Yunus R M, Minggu L J and Kassim M B 2021 International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 46 4998 [2] Yu Z, Liu H, Zhu M, Li Y and Li W 2021 Small 17 1903378 [3] Bai H, Li X, Zhao Y, Fan W, Liu Y, Gao Y, Xu D, Ding J and Shi W 2021 Applied Surface Science 538 148150 [4] Fujishima A and Honda K 2001 Science 1061051 269 [5] Doiphode V, Variale P, Sharma V, Waghmare A, Punde A, Shinde P, Shah S, Pandharkar S, Hase Y and Aher R 2021 Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry 25 18351846 [6] Mali S S, Park G R, Kim H, Kim H H, Patil J V and Hong C K 2019 Nanoscale Advances 1 799 [7] Han J, Xing H, Song Q, Yan H, Kang J, Guo Y and Liu Z 2021 Dalton Transactions 50 45934603 [8] Abd-Elrahim A and Chun D M 2021 J. Alloys Compd. 870 159430 [9] Li X, Su J and Guo L 2020 Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 31 15773 [10] Lamouchi A, Assaker I B and Chtourou R 2019 Appl. Surf. Sci. 478 937 [11] Yathisha R and Nayaka Y A 2020 SN Applied Sciences 2 1 [12] Zhang J, Luo K, Zhao K, Hu W, Yuan H, Liu Y, Li J, Zhang Q, Yu F and Xu M 2021 Materials Letters 286 129250 [13] Karyaoui M, Jemia D B, Gannouni M, Assaker I B, Bardaoui A, Amlouk M and Chtourou R 2020 Inorganic Chemistry Communications 119 108114 [14] Dridi D, Litaiem Y, Karyaoui M and Chtourou R 2019 Euro. Phys. J. Appl. Phys. 85 20401 [15] Wang C, Yang Z, Lv J, Zhu Q, Jiang J, Zhao M, Wang W and Chen X 2019 Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 30 9798 [16] Dridi D, Bouaziz L, Karyaoui M, Litaiem Y and Chtourou R 2018 Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 29 8267 [17] Hu R, Liao G, Huang Z, Qiao H, Liu H, Shu Y, Wang B and Qi X 2021 Journal of Hazardous Materials 405 124179 [18] Qiao H, Liu H, Huang Z, Ma Q, Luo S, Li J, Liu Y, Zhong J and Qi X 2020 Advanced Energy Materials 10 2002424 [19] Qiao H, Li Z, Huang Z, Ren X, Kang J, Qiu M, Liu Y, Qi X, Zhong J and Zhang H 2020 Applied Materials Today 20 100765 [20] Khurshid F, Jeyavelan M, Hudson M S L and Nagarajan S 2019 Royal Society Open Science 6 181764 [21] Khan I, Ibrahim A A, Sohail M and Qurashi A 2017 Ultrasonics Sonochemistry 37 669 [22] Ghorbani M, Abdizadeh H, Taheri M and Golobostanfard M R 2018 International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 43 7754 [23] Prasad M, Sharma V, Aher R, Rokade A, Ilaiyaraja P, Sudakar C and Jadkar S 2017 Journal of Materials Science 52 13572 [24] Elemike E E, Onwudiwe D C, Wei L, Chaogang L and Zhiwei Z 2019 Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 7 103190 [25] Jiang H, Zhang X, Gu W, Feng X, Zhang L and Weng Y 2018 Chemical Physics Letters 711 100 [26] Jayalakshmi G, Saravanan K, Pradhan J, Magudapathy P and Panigrahi B 2018 Journal of Luminescence 203 1 [27] Jeyavelan M, Ramesh A, Kannan R R, Sonia T, Rugunandhiri K and Hudson M S L 2017 RSC advances 7 31272 [28] Tripathi A, Misra K P and Shukla R 2014 Journal of Luminescence 149 361 [29] Pant H R, Pant B, Kim H J, Amarjargal A, Park C H, Tijing L D, Kim E K and Kim C S 2013 Ceramics International 39 5083 [30] Yu X, Li Z, Dang K, Zhang Z, Gao L, Duan L, Jiang Z, Fan J and Zhao P 2018 Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 29 8729 [31] Shahzad K, Tahir M and Sagir M 2020 Applied Nanoscience 10 20372043 [32] Nithiyadevi K and Ravichandran K 2017 Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters) 30 1249 [33] Teh S J, Lai C W and Hamid S B A 2016 Journal of Energy Chemistry 25 336 [34] Slimi B, Assaker I B, Kriaa A, Marí B and Chtourou R 2017 Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry 21 1253 [35] Shuai W, Hu Y, Chen Y, Hu K, Zhang X, Zhu W, Tong F and Lao Z 2018 Journal of Semiconductors 39 023001 [36] Chakraborty A, Pizzoferrato R, Agresti A, De Matteis F, Orsini A and Medaglia P G 2018 Journal of Electronic Materials 47 5863 [37] Yildirim ö A, Unalan H E and Durucan C 2013 Journal of the American Ceramic Society 96 766 [38] Mandal S K, Dutta K, Pal S, Mandal S, Naskar A, Pal P K, Bhattacharya T, Singha A, Saikh R and De S 2019 Materials Chemistry and Physics 223 456 [39] Anitha S and Muthukumaran S 2020 Materials Science and Engineering: C 108 110387 [40] Taşdemirci T 2019 Vacuum 167 189 [41] e Silva R L d S and Franco Jr A 2020 Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing 119 105227 [42] Adhikari S, Banerjee A, Eswar N K, Sarkar D and Madras G 2015 RSC Advances 5 51067 [43] Vivek C, Balraj B and Thangavel S 2019 Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 30 11220 [44] Zeferino R S, Flores M B and Pal U 2011 J. Appl. Phys. 109 014308 [45] Ravichandran K, Uma R, Sriram S and Balamurgan D 2017 Ceramics International 43 10041 [46] Tarwal N and Patil P 2011 Electrochimica Acta 56 6510 [47] Sutanto H, Wibowo S, Hidayanto E, Nurhasanah I and Hadiyanto H 2015 Reaktor 15 175181 [48] Ravichandran K, Nithiyadevi K, Gobalakrishnan S, Ganapathi Raman R, Baneto M, Swaminathan K and Sakthivel B 2016 Materials Technology 31 865 [49] Surendran D K, Xavier M M, Viswanathan V P and Mathew S 2017 Environmental Science and Pollution Research 24 15360 [50] Messaoudi O, Gannouni M, Souissi A, Makhlouf H, Bardaoui A and Chtourou R 2016 Appl. Surf. Sci. 366 383 [51] Rao B N, Padmaraj O, Narsimulu D, Venkateswarlu M and Satyanarayana N 2015 Ceramics International 41 14070 [52] Acharya T and Choudhary R 2016 Materials Chemistry and Physics 177 131 [53] Li G, Chen X and Gao G 2014 Nanoscale 6 3283 [54] Demir K 2020 Ceramics International 46 4358 [55] Krishnamoorthy K, Pazhamalai P, Sahoo S and Kim S J 2017 Journal of Materials Chemistry A 5 5726 [56] Rikhari B, Mani S P and Rajendran N 2020 Journal of Materials Science 55 5211 [57] Arbi N, Assaker I B, Gannouni M, Kriaa A and Chtourou R 2015 Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing 40 873 [58] Mora-Seró I, Fabregat-Santiago F, Denier B, Bisquert J, Tena-Zaera R, Elias J and Lévy-Clément C 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 89 203117 [59] Upadhyay S, Bagheri S and Hamid S B A 2014 International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 39 11027 [60] Lu J, Xu C, Dai J, Li J, Wang Y, Lin Y and Li P 2015 Nanoscale 7 3396 [61] Xian F, Miao K, Bai X, Ji Y, Chen F and Li X 2013 Optik-International Journal for Light and Electron Optics 124 4876 [62] Ding J and Wang M 2014 J. Appl. Phys. 115 214304 [63] Neena D, Kondamareddy K K, Humayun M, Mohan V B, Lu D, Fu D and Gao W 2019 Appl. Surf. Sci. 488 611619 [64] Putri L K, Ong W J, Chang W S and Chai S P 2015 Appl. Surf. Sci. 358 2 |
No Suggested Reading articles found! |
|
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
Altmetric
|
blogs
Facebook pages
Wikipedia page
Google+ users
|
Online attention
Altmetric calculates a score based on the online attention an article receives. Each coloured thread in the circle represents a different type of online attention. The number in the centre is the Altmetric score. Social media and mainstream news media are the main sources that calculate the score. Reference managers such as Mendeley are also tracked but do not contribute to the score. Older articles often score higher because they have had more time to get noticed. To account for this, Altmetric has included the context data for other articles of a similar age.
View more on Altmetrics
|
|
|