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Criticality and fragility in a quantum neural memory |
| Inam Ullah1, Subhanullah Khan1, Muhammad Noman2, and Minglin Lang(郎明林)1,† |
1 CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
2 Department of Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China |
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Abstract We theoretically investigate a neural transverse-field Hopfield (NTFH) model that realizes a minimal quantum neural memory by encoding patterns in the low-energy spectrum and stationary correlations of coupled qubits. At the level of a two-neuron open quantum system, we analyze how entanglement of formation, geometric quantum discord and quantum-memory-assisted entropic uncertainty evolve under the combined action of memory interactions, transverse fields, local imperfections and Markovian dephasing. This reveals a robust trade-off: transverse driving enhances coherent processing but destabilizes stored patterns, while local asymmetries and noise rapidly erase quantum correlations. Extending the model to a four-neuron network, we show that entanglement fluctuations peak at a transverse-field-driven quantum phase transition between a memory-ordered and a paramagnetic phase, thereby linking the fragility of quantum neural memory to standard notions of quantum criticality.
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Received: 27 October 2025
Revised: 09 December 2025
Accepted manuscript online: 16 December 2025
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PACS:
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03.65.Yz
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(Decoherence; open systems; quantum statistical methods)
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| Fund: This work was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31571042), Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 7202129), the Class B Breeding Program of Special Projects for Leading Science and Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDPB16), and the Key Basic Research Project of Applied Basic Research Program of Hebei Province (Grant No. 18966315D). |
Corresponding Authors:
Minglin Lang
E-mail: langml@ucas.ac.cn
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Cite this article:
Inam Ullah, Subhanullah Khan, Muhammad Noman, and Minglin Lang(郎明林) Criticality and fragility in a quantum neural memory 2026 Chin. Phys. B 35 050303
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