Three-dimensional topological crystalline insulator without spin-orbit coupling in nonsymmorphic photonic metacrystal

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/ad6a3e

Abstract By including certain point group symmetry in the classification of band topology, Fu proposed a class of three-dimensional topological crystalline insulators (TCIs) without spin-orbit coupling in 2011. In Fu's model, surface states (if present) doubly degenerate at $\bar{\varGamma }$ and $\bar{M}$ when time-reversal and $C_{4}$ symmetries are preserved. The analogs of Fu's model with surface states quadratically degenerate at $\bar{M}$ are widely studied, while surface states with quadratic degeneracy at $\bar{\varGamma }$ are rarely reported. In this study, we propose a three-dimensional TCI without spin-orbit coupling in a judiciously designed nonsymmorphic photonic metacrystal. The surface states of photonic TCIs exhibit quadratic band degeneracy in the (001) surface Brillouin zone (BZ) center ($\bar{\varGamma }$ point). The gapless surface states and their quadratic dispersion are protected by $C_{4}$ and time-reversal symmetries, which correspond to the nontrivial band topology characterized by ${Z}_{{2}}$ topological invariant. Moreover, the surface states along lines from $\bar{\varGamma }$ to the (001) surface BZ boundary exhibit zigzag feature, which is interpreted from symmetry perspective by building composite operators constructed by the product of glide symmetries with time-reversal symmetry. The metacrystal array surrounded with air possesses high order hinge states with electric fields highly localized at the hinge that may apply to optical sensors. The gapless surface states and hinge states reside in a clean frequency bandgap. The topological surface states emerge at the boundary of the metacrystal and perfect electric conductor (PEC), which provide a pathway for topologically manipulating light propagation in photonic devices.

Keywords: topological crystalline insulator nonsymmorphic photonic metacrystal

Received: 10 July 2024
Revised: 28 July 2024
Accepted manuscript online: 02 August 2024

PACS:	42.70.Qs	(Photonic bandgap materials)
	78.67.Pt	(Multilayers; superlattices; photonic structures; metamaterials)
	73.43.Nq	(Quantum phase transitions)

Fund: Project supported by the Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12104148) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. 531118010565).

Corresponding Authors: Lingbo Xia
E-mail: lingboxia@hnu.edu.cn;

Cite this article:

Zhide Yu(余智德) and Lingbo Xia(夏凌波) Three-dimensional topological crystalline insulator without spin-orbit coupling in nonsymmorphic photonic metacrystal 2024 Chin. Phys. B 33 104209

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