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Special Issue:
SPECIAL TOPIC — States and new effects in nonequilibrium
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| TOPICAL REVIEW—States and new effects in nonequilibrium |
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Capturing the non-equilibrium state in light—matter—free-electron interactions through ultrafast transmission electron microscopy |
| Wentao Wang(汪文韬)1,2,†, Shuaishuai Sun(孙帅帅)1,†, Jun Li(李俊)1, Dingguo Zheng(郑丁国)1, Siyuan Huang(黄思远)1,2, Huanfang Tian(田焕芳)1, Huaixin Yang(杨槐馨)1,2,4, and Jianqi Li(李建奇)1,2,3,‡ |
1 Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
2 School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3 Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China;
4 Yangtze River Delta Physics Research Center Co., Ltd., Liyang, Jiangsu 213300, China |
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Abstract Ultrafast transmission electron microscope (UTEM) with the multimodality of time-resolved diffraction, imaging, and spectroscopy provides a unique platform to reveal the fundamental features associated with the interaction between free electrons and matter. In this review, we summarize the principles, instrumentation, and recent developments of the UTEM and its applications in capturing dynamic processes and non-equilibrium transient states. The combination of the transmission electron microscope with a femtosecond laser via the pump—probe method guarantees the high spatiotemporal resolution, allowing the investigation of the transient process in real, reciprocal and energy spaces. Ultrafast structural dynamics can be studied by diffraction and imaging methods, revealing the coherent acoustic phonon generation and photo-induced phase transition process. In the energy dimension, time-resolved electron energy-loss spectroscopy enables the examination of the intrinsic electronic dynamics of materials, while the photon-induced near-field electron microscopy extends the application of the UTEM to the imaging of optical near fields with high real-space resolution. It is noted that light—free-electron interactions have the ability to shape electron wave packets in both longitudinal and transverse directions, showing the potential application in the generation of attosecond electron pulses and vortex electron beams.
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Received: 19 June 2023
Revised: 28 September 2023
Accepted manuscript online: 09 October 2023
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PACS:
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07.78.+s
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(Electron, positron, and ion microscopes; electron diffractometers)
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87.15.ht
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(Ultrafast dynamics; charge transfer)
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42.50.Hz
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(Strong-field excitation of optical transitions in quantum systems; multiphoton processes; dynamic Stark shift)
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79.20.Uv
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(Electron energy loss spectroscopy)
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| Fund: This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. U22A6005 and 12074408), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2021YFA1301502), Guangdong Major Scientific Research Project (Grant No. 2018KZDXM061), Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS (Grant No. 2021009), Scientific Instrument Developing Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant Nos. YJKYYQ20200055, ZDKYYQ2017000, and 22017BA10), Strategic Priority Research Program (B) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant Nos. XDB25000000 and XDB33010100), Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Major Project (Grant No. Z201100001820006), IOP Hundred Talents Program (Grant No. Y9K5051), Postdoctoral Support Program of China (Grant No. 2020M670501), and the Synergetic Extreme Condition User Facility (SECUF). |
Corresponding Authors:
Jianqi Li
E-mail: ljq@aphy.iphy.ac.cn
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Cite this article:
Wentao Wang(汪文韬), Shuaishuai Sun(孙帅帅), Jun Li(李俊), Dingguo Zheng(郑丁国), Siyuan Huang(黄思远), Huanfang Tian(田焕芳), Huaixin Yang(杨槐馨), and Jianqi Li(李建奇) Capturing the non-equilibrium state in light—matter—free-electron interactions through ultrafast transmission electron microscopy 2024 Chin. Phys. B 33 010701
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