Water on surfaces from first-principles molecular dynamics

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/aba279

Abstract

Water is ubiquitous and so is its presence in the proximity of surfaces. To determine and control the properties of interfacial water molecules at nanoscale is essential for its successful applications in environmental and energy-related fields. It is very challenging to explore the atomic structure and electronic properties of water under various conditions, especially at the surfaces. Here we review recent progress and open challenges in describing physicochemical properties of water on surfaces for solar water splitting, water corrosion, and desalination using first-principles approaches, and highlight the key role of these methods in understanding the complex electronic and dynamic interplay between water and surfaces. We aim at showing the importance of unraveling fundamental mechanisms and providing physical insights into the behavior of water on surfaces, in order to pave the way to water-related material design.

Keywords: first-principles molecular dynamics water at surfaces reaction mechanism

Received: 25 May 2020
Revised: 25 May 2020
Accepted manuscript online: 03 July 2020

Fund: the National Key Basic Research Program of China (Grant Nos. 2016YFA0300902 and 2015CB921001), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11974400, 91850120, and 11774396), and Strategic Priority Research Program B of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDB070301).

Corresponding Authors: ^†Corresponding author. E-mail: cuizhang@iphy.ac.cn

Cite this article:

Peiwei You(游佩桅), Jiyu Xu(徐纪玉), Cui Zhang(张萃), and Sheng Meng(孟胜)$ Water on surfaces from first-principles molecular dynamics 2020 Chin. Phys. B 29 116804

Fig. 1.

(a) Snapshot of the Au₂₀ cluster in water, where yellow, red, and grey spheres represent gold, oxygen, and hydrogen atoms, respectively. The arrow denotes polarization direction of the laser field. (b) Time evolution of the laser field with field strength E_{max = 2.3} V/Å and frequency ℏ ω = 2.81 eV. Under this laser pulse, time-evolved O–H bond lengths d_OH of all water molecules with (c) and without (d) Au₂₀ cluster are shown. (e) Atomic configurations at time t = 0, 16 fs, 18 fs, and 21 fs. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [32].

Fig. 2.

(a) Configuration of the initiation step of water trimer dissociation on the PuO₂ (110) surface. (b) Electron density difference contour of the configuration shown in (a). Reprinted with permission from Ref. [63].

Fig. 3.

(a) The atomistic structure of graphdiyne. (b) The water flow across graphdiyne versus temperature and pressure. (c) the trajectories of proton diffusion at the water–graphdiyne interface. (d) The free energy barrier for transmembrane (TM) proton transfer and proton transfer in bulk water. The dash line indicates the k_BT at 300 K. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [84].

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