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Electric field effect in ultrathin zigzag graphene nanoribbons |
Zhang Wen-Xing (张文星), Liu Yun-Xiao (刘云霄), Tian Hua (田华), Xu Jun-Wei (许军伟), Feng Lin (冯琳) |
Key Laboratory of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System, Ministry of Education, Physics Department, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China |
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Abstract The electric field effect in ultrathin zigzag graphene nanoribbons containing only three or four zigzag carbon chains is studied by first-principles calculations, and the change of conducting mechanism is observed with increasing in-plane electric field perpendicular to the ribbon. Wider zigzag graphene nanoribbons have been predicted to be spin-splitted for both valence band maximum (VBM) and conduction band minimum (CBM) with an applied electric field and become half-metal due to the vanishing band gap of one spin with increasing applied field. The change of VBM for the ultrathin zigzag graphene nanoribbons is similar to that for the wider ones when an electric field is applied. However, in the ultrathin zigzag graphene nanoribbons, there are two kinds of CBMs, one is spin-degenerate and the other is spin-splitted, and both are tunable by the electric field. Moreover, the two CBMs are spatially separated in momentum space. The conducting mechanism changes from spin-degenerate CBM to spin-splitted CBM with increasing applied electric field. Our results are confirmed by density functional calculations with both LDA and GGA functionals, in which the LDA always underestimates the band gap while the GGA normally produces a bigger band gap than the LDA.
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Received: 04 January 2015
Revised: 04 February 2015
Accepted manuscript online:
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PACS:
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61.48.Gh
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(Structure of graphene)
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73.22.Pr
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(Electronic structure of graphene)
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75.70.Ak
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(Magnetic properties of monolayers and thin films)
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Fund: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11204201 and 11147142) and the Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of Shanxi Province, China (Grant No. 2013021010-1). |
Corresponding Authors:
Zhang Wen-Xing, Liu Yun-Xiao
E-mail: zhangwenxing@tyut.edu.cn;liuyunxiao0917@link.tyut.edu.cn
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Cite this article:
Zhang Wen-Xing (张文星), Liu Yun-Xiao (刘云霄), Tian Hua (田华), Xu Jun-Wei (许军伟), Feng Lin (冯琳) Electric field effect in ultrathin zigzag graphene nanoribbons 2015 Chin. Phys. B 24 076104
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