A study of transition from n-to p-type based on hexagonal WO3 nanorods sensor

Abstract

Abstract Hexagonal WO3 nanorods were fabricated by a facile hydrothermal process at 180 ?C using sodium tungstate and sodium chloride as starting materials. The morphology, structure and composition of the prepared nanorods were studied by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. It is found that the agglomeration of the nanorods is strongly dependent on the PH value of the reaction solution. Uniform and isolated WO3 nanorods with diameter ranging from 100 – 150 nm and length up to several micrometers are obtained at PH = 2.5 and the nanorods were identified as hexagonal in phase structure. The sensing characteristics of WO3 nanorods sensor were obtained by measuring the dynamic response towards NO2 with a concentration in the range of 0.5 – 5 ppm and at a working temperature in the range of 25 – 250?C. The obtained WO3 nanorods sensors were found to exhibit opposite sensing behaviors depending on the working temperature. When exposed to oxidizing NO2 gas, the WO3 nanorods sensor behaves as n-type semiconductor as expected when the working temperature was higher than 50 ?C, whereas, it behaves as p-type semiconductor at room temperature. The origin of the n–to p-type transition is correlated with the formation of inversion layer at the surface of WO3 nanorods at room temperature. This finding is useful for making new room temperature NO2 sensors based on hexagonal WO3 nanorods.

Keywords: Hexagonal WO3 nanorods sensor Hydrothermal method n-to p-type transition

Received: 09 July 2013
Revised: 17 October 2013
Accepted manuscript online:

Fund: National Basic Research Program of China;the Research Fund for Advanced Talents of Jiangsu University;Natural Science Foundation of China;the Key Project of Chinese Ministry of Education under grant number No.2010141

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A study of transition from n-to p-type based on hexagonal WO3 nanorods sensor Chin. Phys. B 0

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A study of transition from n-to p-type based on hexagonal WO3 nanorods sensor

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