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Chin. Phys. B, 2026, Vol. 35(4): 046802    DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/ae1569
CONDENSED MATTER: STRUCTURAL, MECHANICAL, AND THERMAL PROPERTIES Prev   Next  

Optical modulation and fabrication of two-dimensional VO2(M)-AgSiO2 shell/core composite photonic crystal structures

Jiong Wu(吴炯)1, Zhangyang Zhou(周章洋)1,†, Li Zhu(朱黎)1, Liushun Wang(王六顺)1, Ming Du(杜明)1, Hongjun Wu(吴红君)2, Qingwei Wang(王情伟)1, Dahua Ren(任达华)1, Teng Zhang(张腾)1, Yongdan Zhu(朱永丹)1, and Jinqiao Yi(易金桥)1,‡
1 College of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China;
2 School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China
Abstract  The high phase transition temperature, low solar modulation efficiency, and unfavorable brown-yellow color have limited the practical application of VO$_{2}$-based smart windows. By embedding a hexagonal close-packed monolayer array of SiO$_{2}$ into the monoclinic VO$_{2}$(M)-Ag composite film using an electron-beam evaporation system, a two-dimensional VO$_{2}$(M)-AgSiO$_{2}$ shell/core photonic crystal composite material was formed. Due to the increased contact area between Ag and VO$_{2}$(M) within the composite material, the concentration of free electrons in VO$_{2}$(M) increases, causing the phase transition to occur at a lower temperature of 52.2 $^\circ$C. With the embedded SiO$_{2}$ array, the solar modulation efficiency is enhanced to 25.4 %, and the visible light modulation efficiency increases by nearly 7 times. Additionally, the grating effect of the photonic crystal significantly diffracts light around the 600 nm wavelength, reducing the strong absorption of VO$_{2}$(M) in the shortwave range and diluting its inherent brown-yellow color. By embedding the SiO$_{2}$ array into the VO$_2$(M)-Ag composite film, this approach simultaneously achieves a reduction in phase transition temperature, enhancement of solar modulation efficiency, and color adjustment of the film, providing a reference for the practical application of VO$_{2}$ in smart windows.
Keywords:  vanadium dioxide      photonic crystal      phase transition      solar modulation efficiency  
Received:  13 August 2025      Revised:  15 October 2025      Accepted manuscript online:  21 October 2025
PACS:  68.03.-g (Gas-liquid and vacuum-liquid interfaces)  
  68.35.-p (Solid surfaces and solid-solid interfaces: structure and energetics)  
Fund: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foun299 dation of China (Grant No. 12464004), Hubei Province Nat300 ural Science Foundation, China (Grant No. 2025AFB307), 301 Hubei Province Natural Science Foundation Joint Fund 302 Project (Grant No. 2024AFD069), Innovation Fund Project 303 for College Students of Hubei Minzu University (Grant 304 No. S202510517019), and Enshi Catching-up Science and 305 Technology Project (Grants No. XYJ2023000170).
Corresponding Authors:  Zhangyang Zhou, Jinqiao Yi     E-mail:  zhangyangzhou0000@163.com;2006009@hbmzu.edu.cn

Cite this article: 

Jiong Wu(吴炯), Zhangyang Zhou(周章洋), Li Zhu(朱黎), Liushun Wang(王六顺), Ming Du(杜明), Hongjun Wu(吴红君), Qingwei Wang(王情伟), Dahua Ren(任达华), Teng Zhang(张腾), Yongdan Zhu(朱永丹), and Jinqiao Yi(易金桥) Optical modulation and fabrication of two-dimensional VO2(M)-AgSiO2 shell/core composite photonic crystal structures 2026 Chin. Phys. B 35 046802

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