| ELECTROMAGNETISM, OPTICS, ACOUSTICS, HEAT TRANSFER, CLASSICAL MECHANICS, AND FLUID DYNAMICS |
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Blood-based magnetohydrodynamic Casson hybrid nanofluid flow on convectively heated bi-directional porous stretching sheet with variable porosity and slip constraints |
| Showkat Ahmad Lone1, Rawan Bossly2, Fuad S. Alduais3, Afrah Al-Bossly3, Arshad Khan4,†, and Anwar Saeed5 |
1 Department of Basic Sciences, College of Science and Theoretical Studies, Saudi Electronic University, (Jeddah-M), Riyadh-11673, Saudi Arabia;
2 Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Jazan University, Jazan 82817, Saudi Arabia;
3 Department of Mathematics, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
4 College of Aeronautical Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Sector H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
5 Department of Mathematics, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Khyber, Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan |
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Abstract Fluid flow through porous spaces with variable porosity has wide-range applications, notably in biomedical and thermal engineering, where it plays a vital role in comprehending blood flow dynamics within cardiovascular systems, heat transfer and thermal management systems improve efficiency using porous materials with variable porosity. Keeping these important applications in view, in current study blood-based hybrid nanofluid flow has considered on a convectively heated sheet. The sheet exhibits the properties of a porous medium with variable porosity and extends in both the $x$ and $y$ directions. Blood has used as base fluid in which the nanoparticles of Cu and CuO have been mixed. Thermal radiation, space-dependent, and thermal-dependent heat sources have been incorporated into the energy equation, while magnetic effects have been integrated into the momentum equations. Dimensionless variables have employed to transform the modeled equations into dimensionless form and facilitating their solution using bvp4c approach. It has concluded in this study that, both the primary and secondary velocities augmented with upsurge in variable porous factor and declined with escalation in stretching ratio, Casson, magnetic, and slip factors along $x$- and $y$-axes. Thermal distribution has grown up with upsurge in Casson factor, magnetic factor, thermal Biot number, and thermal/space-dependent heat sources while has retarded with growth in variable porous and stretching ratio factors. The findings of this investigation have been compared with the existing literature, revealing a strong agreement among present and established results that ensured the validation of the model and method used in this work.
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Received: 07 July 2024
Revised: 11 September 2024
Accepted manuscript online: 23 October 2024
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PACS:
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41.20.Gz
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(Magnetostatics; magnetic shielding, magnetic induction, boundary-value problems)
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44.30.+v
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(Heat flow in porous media)
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47.35.-i
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(Hydrodynamic waves)
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52.25.Os
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(Emission, absorption, and scattering of electromagnetic radiation ?)
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02.30.Jr
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(Partial differential equations)
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| Fund: This study is supported via funding from Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University (Grant No. PSAU/2024/R/1446). |
Corresponding Authors:
Arshad Khan
E-mail: arshad8084@gmail.com
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Cite this article:
Showkat Ahmad Lone, Rawan Bossly, Fuad S. Alduais, Afrah Al-Bossly, Arshad Khan, and Anwar Saeed Blood-based magnetohydrodynamic Casson hybrid nanofluid flow on convectively heated bi-directional porous stretching sheet with variable porosity and slip constraints 2025 Chin. Phys. B 34 014101
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