Generating two-dimensional quantum gases with high stability

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/ab8ac8

Abstract Quantum gas microscopy has enabled the study on intriguing properties of ultracold atoms in optical lattices. It provides the cutting-edge technology for manipulating quantum many-body systems. In such experiments, atoms have to be prepared into a two-dimensional (2D) system for being resolved by microscopes with limited depth of focus. Here we report an experiment on slicing a single layer of the atoms trapped in a few layers of pancake-shaped optical traps to create a 2D system. This technique is implemented with a microwave “knife”, i.e., a microwave field with a frequency defined by the resonant condition with the Zeeman-shifted atomic levels related to a gradient magnetic field. It is crucial to keep a stable preparation of the desired layer to create the 2D quantum gas for future experimental applications. To achieve this, the most important point is to provide a gradient magnetic field with low noises and slow drift in combination with a properly optimized microwave pulse. Monitoring the electric current source and the environmental magnetic field, we applied an actively stabilizing circuit and realized a field drift of 0.042(3) mG/hour. This guarantees creating the single layer of atoms with an efficiency of 99.92(3)% while atoms are hardly seen in other layers within 48 hours, satisfying future experimental demands on studying quantum many-body physics.

Keywords: ultracold atoms optical lattices two-dimensional quantum gases quantum-gas microscope

Received: 14 February 2020
Revised: 13 April 2020
Accepted manuscript online:

PACS:	67.85.-d	(Ultracold gases, trapped gases)
	05.30.-d	(Quantum statistical mechanics)
	37.10.Jk	(Atoms in optical lattices)

Fund: Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFA0301603), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11874341), Anhui Initiative in Quantum Information Technologies, and Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Corresponding Authors: Zhen-Sheng Yuan
E-mail: yuanzs@ustc.edu.cn

Cite this article:

Bo Xiao(肖波), Xuan-Kai Wang(王宣恺), Yong-Guang Zheng(郑永光), Yu-Meng Yang(杨雨萌), Wei-Yong Zhang(章维勇), Guo-Xian Su(苏国贤), Meng-Da Li(李梦达), Xiao Jiang(江晓), Zhen-Sheng Yuan(苑震生) Generating two-dimensional quantum gases with high stability 2020 Chin. Phys. B 29 076701

[1]	Bloch I, Dalibard J and Zwerger W 2008 Rev. Mod. Phys. 80 885
[2]	Bakr W S, Gillen J I, Peng A, Fölling S and Greiner M 2009 Nature 462 74
[3]	Sherson J F, Weitenberg C, Endres M, Cheneau M, Bloch I and Kuhr S 2010 Nature 467 68
[4]	Haller E, Hudson J, Kelly A, Cotta D A, Peaudecerf B, Bruce G D and Kuhr S 2015 Nat. Phys. 11 738
[5]	Cheuk L W, Nichols M A, Okan M, Gersdorf T, Ramasesh V V, Bakr W S, Lompe T and Zwierlein M W 2015 Phys. Rev. Lett. 114 193001
[6]	Edge G J A, Anderson R, Jervis D, McKay D C, Day R, Trotzky S and Thywissen J H 2015 Phys. Rev. A 92 063406
[7]	Parsons M F, Huber F, Mazurenko A, Chiu C S, Setiawan W, Wooley-Brown K, Blatt S and Greiner M 2015 Phys. Rev. Lett. 114 213002
[8]	Islam R, Ma R, Preiss P M, Eric Tai M, Lukin A, Rispoli M and Greiner M 2015 Nature 528 77
[9]	Choi J y, Hild S, Zeiher J, Schauß P, Rubio-Abadal A, Yefsah T, Khemani V, Huse D A, Bloch I and Gross C 2016 Science 352 1547
[10]	Kosterlitz J M and Thouless D J 1973 J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys. 6 1181
[11]	Berezinskii V L 1972 J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 34 610
[12]	Dai H N, Yang B, Reingruber A, Xu X F, Jiang X, Chen Y A, Yuan Z S and Pan J W 2016 Nat. Phys. 12 783
[13]	Gillen J I, Bakr W S, Peng A, Unterwaditzer P, Fölling S and Greiner M 2009 Phys. Rev. A 80 021602
[14]	Bender H, Courteille P, Zimmermann C and Slama S 2009 Appl. Phys. B: Lasers Opt. 96 275
[15]	Karski M, Förster L, Choi J M, Steffen A, Belmechri N, Alt W, Meschede D and Widera A 2010 New J. Phys. 12 065027
[16]	Peaudecerf B, Andia M, Brown M, Haller E and Kuhr S 2019 New J. Phys. 21 013020
[17]	Greif D, Parsons M F, Mazurenko A, Chiu C S, Blatt S, Huber F, Ji G and Greiner M 2016 Science 351 953
[18]	Cheuk L W, Nichols M A, Lawrence K R, Okan M, Zhang H and Zwierlein M W 2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 235301
[19]	Mazurenko A, Chiu C S, Ji G, Parsons M F, Kanász-Nagy M, Schmidt R, Grusdt F, Demler E, Greif D and Greiner M 2017 Nature 545 462
[20]	Boll M, Hilker T A, Salomon G, Omran A, Nespolo J, Pollet L, Bloch I and Gross C 2016 Science 353 1257
[21]	Edge G 2017 Imaging Fermionic Atoms in a Quantum Gas Microscope (PhD dissertation) (Toronto: University of Toronto)
[22]	Zener C 1932 Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 137 696
[23]	Foot C J 2005 Atomic Physics (New York: Oxford University Press) pp. 127-128
[24]	Garwood M and DelaBarre L 2001 J. Magn. Reson. 153 155
[25]	Dedman C J, Dall R G, Byron L J and Truscott A G 2007 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 78 024703
[26]	Merkel B, Thirumalai K, Tarlton J E, Schäfer V M, Ballance C J, Harty T P and Lucas D M 2019 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 90 044702
[27]	Xu X T, Wang Z Y, Jiao R H, Yi C R, Sun W and Chen S 2019 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 90 054708
[28]	Elíasson O, Heck R, Laustsen J S, Napolitano M, Müller R, Bason M G, Arlt J J and Sherson J F 2019 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 52 075003
[29]	Kantian A, Langer S and Daley A J 2018 Phys. Rev. Lett. 120 60401

[1]	Enhancement of the photoassociation of ultracold atoms via a non-resonant magnetic field Ji-Zhou Wu(武寄洲), Yu-Qing Li(李玉清), Wen-Liang Liu(刘文良), Peng Li(李鹏), Xiao-Feng Wang(王晓锋), Peng Chen(陈鹏), Jie Ma(马杰), Lian-Tuan Xiao(肖连团), Suo-Tang Jia(贾锁堂). Chin. Phys. B, 2020, 29(8): 083303.
[2]	Dynamics of Airy beams in parity-time symmetric optical lattices Rui-Hong Chen(陈睿弘), Wei-Yi Hong(洪伟毅). Chin. Phys. B, 2019, 28(5): 054202.
[3]	Tunable ground-state solitons in spin-orbit coupling Bose-Einstein condensates in the presence of optical lattices Huafeng Zhang(张华峰), Fang Chen(陈方), Chunchao Yu(郁春潮), Lihui Sun(孙利辉), Dahai Xu(徐大海). Chin. Phys. B, 2017, 26(8): 080304.
[4]	Bifurcated overtones of one-way localized Fabry–Pérot resonances in parity-time symmetric optical lattices Fatma Nafaa Gaafer, Yaxi Shen(沈亚西), Yugui Peng(彭玉桂), Aimin Wu(武爱民), Peng Zhang(张鹏), Xuefeng Zhu(祝雪丰). Chin. Phys. B, 2017, 26(7): 074218.
[5]	Analysis of the blackbody-radiation shift in an ytterbium optical lattice clock Yi-Lin Xu(徐艺琳), Xin-Ye Xu(徐信业). Chin. Phys. B, 2016, 25(10): 103202.
[6]	Fast thermometry for trapped atoms using recoil-induced resonance Zhao Yan-Ting (赵延霆), Su Dian-Qiang (苏殿强), Ji Zhong-Hua (姬中华), Zhang Hong-Shan (张洪山), Xiao Lian-Tuan (肖连团), Jia Suo-Tang (贾锁堂). Chin. Phys. B, 2015, 24(9): 093701.
[7]	The effect of s-wave scattering length on self-trapping and tunneling phenomena of Fermi gases in one-dimensional accelerating optical lattices Jia Wei (贾伟), Dou Fu-Quan (豆福全), Sun Jian-An (孙建安), Duan Wen-Shan (段文山). Chin. Phys. B, 2015, 24(4): 040307.
[8]	Systematically investigating the polarization gradient cooling in an optical molasses of ultracold cesium atoms Ji Zhong-Hua (姬中华), Yuan Jin-Peng (元晋鹏), Zhao Yan-Ting (赵延霆), Chang Xue-Fang (常雪芳), Xiao Lian-Tuan (肖连团), Jia Suo-Tang (贾锁堂). Chin. Phys. B, 2014, 23(11): 113702.
[9]	Experiments on trapping ytterbium atoms in optical lattices Zhou Min (周敏), Chen Ning (陈宁), Zhang Xiao-Hang (张晓航), Huang Liang-Yu (黄良玉), Yao Mao-Fei (姚茂飞), Tian Jie (田洁), Gao Qi (高琪), Jiang Hai-Ling (蒋海灵), Tang Hai-Yao (唐海瑶), Xu Xin-Ye (徐信业). Chin. Phys. B, 2013, 22(10): 103701.
[10]	Impurity-induced localization of Bose-Einstein condensates in one-dimensional optical lattices Wang Jian-Jun(王建军), Zhang Ai-Xia(张爱霞), and Xue Ju-Kui(薛具奎) . Chin. Phys. B, 2011, 20(8): 080308.
[11]	Tunneling dynamics of Bose–Einstein condensates with higher-order interactions in optical lattice Tie Lu(铁璐) and Xue Ju-Kui(薛具奎) . Chin. Phys. B, 2011, 20(12): 120311.
[12]	Controllable optical multi-well trap and its optical lattices using compounded cosine patterns Zhou Qi(周琦), Lu Jun-Fa(陆俊发), and Yin Jian-Ping(印建平). Chin. Phys. B, 2010, 19(12): 123203.
[13]	Energy band structure of spin-1 condensates in optical lattices Li Zhi(李志), Zhang Ai-Xia(张爱霞), Ma Juan(马娟), and Xue Ju-Kui(薛具奎). Chin. Phys. B, 2010, 19(10): 100306.
[14]	Effect of interaction strength on gap solitons of Bose--Einstein condensates in optical lattices Yang Ru-Shu(杨如曙) and Yang Jiang-He(杨江河). Chin. Phys. B, 2008, 17(4): 1189-1195.
[15]	Transmission probability of the two-mode mazer with injected atomic coherence Yuan Chun-Hua (袁春华), Zhang Zhi-Ming (张智明). Chin. Phys. B, 2005, 14(1): 144-148.

No Suggested Reading articles found!

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Metrics
Related Articles

Generating two-dimensional quantum gases with high stability

Cite this article:

Online attention