Please wait a minute...
Chin. Phys. B, 2010, Vol. 19(6): 065201    DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/19/6/065201
PHYSICS OF GASES, PLASMAS, AND ELECTRIC DISCHARGES Prev   Next  

AC operation and runaway electron behaviour in HT-7 tokamak

Lu Hong-Wei(卢洪伟), Hu Li-Qun(胡立群), Zhou Rui-Jie(周瑞杰), Lin Shi-Yao(林士耀), Zhong Guo-Qiang(钟国强), Wang Shao-Feng(王少锋), Chen Kai-Yun(陈开云), Xu Ping(许平), Zhang Ji-Zong(张继宗) Ling Bi-Li(凌必利), Mao Song-Tao(毛松涛), Duan Yan-Min(段艳敏), and HT-7 Team
Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230030, China
Abstract  Operation of HT-7 tokamak in a multicycle alternating square wave plasma current regime is reported. A set of AC operation experiments, including LHW heating to enhance plasma ionization during the current transition and current sustainment, is described. The behaviour of runaway electrons is analysed by four HXR detectors tangentially viewing the plasma in the equatorial plane, within energy ranges 0.3--1.2~MeV and 0.3--7~MeV, separately. High energy runaway electrons (\sim MeV) are found to circulate predominantly in the opposite direction to the plasma current, while the number of low energy runaway electrons (\sim tens to hundreds of keV) circulating along the plasma current is comparable to that in the direction opposite to the plasma current. AC operation with lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) is observed to have an additional benefit of suppressing the runaway electrons if the drop of the loop voltage is large enough.
Keywords:  runaway electron      alternating current (AC) discharge      lower hybrid current drive      loop voltage  
Received:  04 September 2009      Accepted manuscript online: 
PACS:  52.55.Fa (Tokamaks, spherical tokamaks)  
  28.52.Cx (Fueling, heating and ignition)  
  52.50.Jm (Plasma production and heating by laser beams (laser-foil, laser-cluster, etc.))  
  52.25.Jm (Ionization of plasmas)  
  52.35.Hr (Electromagnetic waves (e.g., electron-cyclotron, Whistler, Bernstein, upper hybrid, lower hybrid))  
  52.55.Wq (Current drive; helicity injection)  
Fund: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.~10935004 and 10775041).

Cite this article: 

Lu Hong-Wei(卢洪伟), Hu Li-Qun(胡立群), Zhou Rui-Jie(周瑞杰), Lin Shi-Yao(林士耀), Zhong Guo-Qiang(钟国强), Wang Shao-Feng(王少锋), Chen Kai-Yun(陈开云), Xu Ping(许平), Zhang Ji-Zong(张继宗) Ling Bi-Li(凌必利), Mao Song-Tao(毛松涛), Duan Yan-Min(段艳敏), and HT-7 Team AC operation and runaway electron behaviour in HT-7 tokamak 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 065201

[1] Li J G, Luo J R, Wang S J, Fu P, Shen B, Liu F K, Wan B N, Shan J F, Xu G S, Huang J, Yu J, Hu J S, Yuan Q P, Hu Y M and HT-7 Team 2007 Nucl. Fusion 47 1071
[2] Cabral J A C, Fernandes H, Figueiredo H and Varandas C A F 1997 Nucl. Fusion 37 1575
[3] Mitarai O, Wolfe S W, Hirose A and Skarsgard H M 1989 Fusion Technol . 15 204
[4] Mitarai O, Conway G, Hirose A, Skarsgard H M, Xiao C, Zhang L and Zhang W 1993 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 35 711
[5] Mitarai O, Wolfe S W, Hirose A and Skarsgard H M 1987 Nucl. Fusion 27 604
[6] Tubbing B J D, Gottardi N A C, Green B J, How J A, Huart M, Konig R, Lowry C G, Lomas P J, Noll P, Orourke J J, Pebut P H, Stork D, Tanga A, Taroni A and Ward D J 1992 Nucl. Fusion 32 967
[7] Wang S J 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 155007
[8] Gao W, Gao X, Wu Z W, Yang J H and Zhang L 2008 Plasma Phys. Control Fusion 50 115003
[9] Wan B N, Shi Y J, Xu G S, Gong X Z, Qian J P, Zhao Y P, Shan J F, Zhao J Y, Hu L Q, Li J G, Kuang G L, L\"u B, Ling B L, Wu Z W, Liu F K, Mao Y Z, Gao X, Jie Y X, Mao J S, Zhou Q, Huang J, Xie J K and HT-7 Team 2003 Phys. Plasma 11 2543
[10] Gao X, Xu Q, Li J G, Shan J F, Hu L Q, Zhao J Y and HT-7 Team 2008 Plasma Phys. Control Fusion 50 035006
[11] Kuang G L, Liu Y X, Shan J F, Xu W H, Zhang X Q, Liu D C, Liu F K and Zhu Y B 1999 Nucl. Fusion 39 1769
[12] Ma T P, Hu L Q and Chen Z Y 2005 Chin. Phys . 14 2061
[13] Hu L Q, Wei M S, Ling B L and Fang Z S 2000 Plasma Sci. Technol . 2 515
[14] Hu L Q, Wan B N, Shi Y J, Yang Y, Gao X, Li J G, Kuang G L, Zhao Y P, Xie J K, Mao J S and Xu Y 2003 Plasma Phys. Control Fusion 45 349
[15] Ma T P, Ruan H L, Hu L Q, Wan B N, Gao X, Zhen X J, Zhou L W, Sun Y W, Gao W, Chen Z Y, Lin S Y and Kong W 2006 Chin. Phys . 15 593
[16] Chen Z Y, Wan B N, Shi Y J and Hu L Q 2006 Nucl. Instru. Meth. Phys. Res. A 560 558
[17] Sajjad S, Gao X, Ling B L, Ti A and Du Q 2008 Meas. Sci. Technol . 19 075701
[18] Esposito B, Bertalot L and Kaschuck Y A 2002 Nucl. Instru. Meth . A 476 522.
[19] Esposito B, Poli F M, Mier J A, Sanchez R and Panaccione L 2003 Phys. Plasmas 10 2350
[20] Martin-Solis J R, Esposito B, Sanchez R and Granucci G 2004 Nucl. Fusion 44 974
[21] Lu H W, Hu L Q, Chen Z Y, Jang Y, Lin S Y and EAST Team 2008 J. Plasma Phys. 74 446
[22] Gao X, Jie Y X, Han X F, Yang Y, Zhang W Y, Xu Q, Liu H Q and Li J G 2008 Nucl. Fusion 48 035009
[23] Yoshino R and Tokuda S 2000 Nucl. Fusion 40 1293
[24] Jaspers R, Finken K H, Mank G, Hoenen F, Boedo J A, Lopescardozo N J and Schuller F C 1993 Nucl. Fusion 33 1775
[25] Knoepfel H, Spong D A, Knoepfel H and Spong D A 1979 Nucl. Fusion 19 785
[26] Chen Z Y, Wan B N, Lin S Y, Shi Y J and Hu L Q 2006 Phys. Lett. A 351 413
[27] Fisch N J and Karney C F F 1985 Phys. Rev. Lett . 54 897
[28] Chen Z Y, Wan B N, Lin S Y, Shi Y J, Hu L Q, Gong X Z, Shan J F, Ding B J, Gao X and HT-7 Team 2006 Plasma Phys. Control Fusion 48 1489
[29] Wan B N, Luo J R, Li J G, Zhao Y P, Shan J F, Bai H Y, Ding B J, Ding Y H, Chen J L, Chen Z Y, Fu P and HT-7 Team 2005 Nucl. Fusion 45 S132
[1] Observation of trapped and passing runaway electrons by infrared camera in the EAST tokamak
Yong-Kuan Zhang(张永宽), Rui-Jie Zhou(周瑞杰), Li-Qun Hu(胡立群), Mei-Wen Chen(陈美文), Yan Chao(晁燕), Jia-Yuan Zhang(张家源), and Pan Li(李磐). Chin. Phys. B, 2021, 30(5): 055206.
[2] Synchrotron radiation intensity and energy of runaway electrons in EAST tokamak
Y K Zhang(张永宽), R J Zhou(周瑞杰), L Q Hu(胡立群), M W Chen(陈美文), Y Chao(晁燕), EAST team. Chin. Phys. B, 2018, 27(5): 055206.
[3] Toroidal rotation induced by 4.6 GHz lower hybrid current drive on EAST tokamak
Xiang-Hui Yin(尹相辉), Jun Chen(陈俊), Rui-Ji Hu(胡睿佶), Ying-Ying Li(李颖颖), Fu-Di Wang(王福地), Jia Fu(符佳), Bo-Jiang Ding(丁伯江), Mao Wang(王茂), Fu-Kun Liu(刘甫坤), Qing Zang(臧庆), Yue-Jiang Shi(石跃江), Bo Lyu(吕波), Bao-Nian Wan(万宝年), EAST team. Chin. Phys. B, 2017, 26(11): 115203.
[4] Optimized calculation of the synergy conditions between electron cyclotron current drive and lower hybrid current drive on EAST
Wei Wei(韦维), Bo-Jiang Ding(丁伯江), Y Peysson, J Decker, Miao-Hui Li(李妙辉),Xin-Jun Zhang(张新军), Xiao-Jie Wang(王晓洁), Lei Zhang(张磊). Chin. Phys. B, 2016, 25(1): 015201.
[5] Investigation of lower hybrid current drive during H-mode in EAST tokamak
Li Miao-Hui(李妙辉), Ding Bo-Jiang(丁伯江), Kong Er-Hua(孔二华), Zhang Lei(张磊), Zhang Xin-Jun(张新军), Qian Jin-Ping(钱金平), Yan Ning(颜宁), Han Xiao-Feng(韩效锋), Shan Jia-Fang(单家方), Liu Fu-Kun(刘甫坤), Wang Mao(王茂), Xu Han-Dong(徐旵东), and Wan Bao-Nian(万宝年) . Chin. Phys. B, 2011, 20(12): 125202.
[6] Investigation of fast pitch angle scattering of runaway electrons in the EAST tokamak
Lu Hong-Wei(卢洪伟), Hu Li-Qun(胡立群), Li Ya-Dong(李亚东), Zhong Guo-Qiang(钟国强), Lin Shi-Yao(林士耀), Xu Ping(许平), and EAST-Team. Chin. Phys. B, 2010, 19(12): 125201.
[7] Study of runaway electron behaviour during electron cyclotron resonance heating in the HL-2A Tokamak
Zhang Yi-Po(张轶泼),Yang Jin-Wei(杨进蔚),Liu Yi(刘仪), Song Xian-Ying(宋先瑛),Yuan Guo-Liang(袁国梁),Li Xu(李旭), Zhou Yan(周艳), Zhou Jun(周俊),Yang Qing-Wei(杨青巍), Chen Liao-Yuan(陈燎原),Rao Jun(饶军),Duan Xu-Ru(段旭如), Pan Chuan-Hong(潘传红), and HL-2A Team . Chin. Phys. B, 2009, 18(12): 5385-5394.
[8] Effects of trapped electrons on off-axis lower hybrid current drive in tokamaks
Jiao Yi-Ming(焦一鸣), Long Yong-Xing(龙永兴), Dong Jia-Qi(董家齐), Gao Qing-Di(高庆弟), Wang Ai-Ke(王爱科), and Liu Yong(刘永). Chin. Phys. B, 2007, 16(11): 3464-3469.
[9] Damaging impacts of energetic charge particles on materials in plasma energy explosive events
Deng Bai-Quan (邓柏权), Peng Li-Lin (彭利林), Yan Jian-Cheng (严建成), Luo Zheng-Ming (罗正明), Chen Zhi (陈志). Chin. Phys. B, 2006, 15(7): 1486-1491.
[10] Sawtooth-like electron density oscillations under laser blow-off and lower hybrid current drive in HL-1M tokamak
Jiao Yi-Ming (焦一鸣), Zhou Yan (周艳), Deng Zhong-Chao (邓中朝), Gao Qing-Di (高庆第). Chin. Phys. B, 2004, 13(6): 887-890.
No Suggested Reading articles found!