Abstract The D1 line spectrally selective pumping process in Doppler-broadened cesium is analyzed by solving the optical Bloch equations. The process, described by a three-level model with the L scheme, shows that the saturation intensity of broadened atoms is three orders of magnitude larger than that of resting atoms. The |Fg =3>→|Fe =4> resonance pumping can result in the ground state |Fg =4, mF =4i sublevel having a maximum population of 0.157 and the population difference would be about 0.01 in two adjacent magnetic sublevels of the hyperfine (HF) state Fg =4. To enhance the anisotropy in the ground state, we suggest employing dichromatic optical HF pumping by adding a laser to excite D1 line |Fg =4>→jFe =3> transition, in which the cesium magnetometer sensitivity increases by half a magnitude and is unaffected by the nonlinear Zeeman effect even in Earth’s average magnetic field.
Fund: Project supported by the International Cooperation Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant No. 2008DFR20420) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China (Grant No. HEUCF20111111).
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