Revealing stepping forces in sub-mg tiny insect walking
Yelong Zheng(郑叶龙)1, Wei Yin(尹维)2, Hongyu Lu(鲁鸿宇)2, and Yu Tian(田煜)2,†
1 State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; 2 State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Abstract Measuring walking forces of small or tiny insects can help the comprehension of their locomotion principles. However, as their size and force are generally too small, walking forces of small insects in sub-mg mass have never been actually measured. In this work, a convenient multi-lens and jelly surface based shadow method was developed for simultaneous multiple walking forces measuring, ranged from nN to mN with a sensitivity of sub-nN/pixel under ambient conditions. Walking force of six legs of a 0.3 mg water treader was demonstrated. The obtained results disclosed a rapid and extending middle leg strategy of water treader in walking forward above a jelly surface. This method is cost-effective and high-resolution, which could be easily used in measuring other tiny forces.
Yelong Zheng(郑叶龙), Wei Yin(尹维), Hongyu Lu(鲁鸿宇), and Yu Tian(田煜) Revealing stepping forces in sub-mg tiny insect walking 2020 Chin. Phys. B 29 124703
[1] Li Y Z, Wang Q D, Guo G P, Chu H Y, Ma Q Y, Tu J and Zhang D Chin. Phys. B 29 054302 DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/ab82102020 [2] Zheng Y L, Lu H Y, Jiang J L, Tao D S, Yin W and Tian Y Chin. Phys. B 27 084702 DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/27/8/0847022018 [3] Wang Z Y, Dai Z D, Ji A H, Ren L, Xing Q and Dai L M Bioinspir. Biomim. 10 016019 DOI: 10.1088/1748-3190/10/1/0160192015 [4] Spence A J, Revzen S, Seipel J, Mullens C and Full R J J. Exp. Biol. 213 1907 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.0425152010 [5] Labonte D, Federle W Philos. T. R. Soc. B 370 20140027 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2014.00272015 [6] Labonte D, Struecker M Y, Birn-Jeffery A V and Federle W Phillos. T. R. Soc. B 286 20191327 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.13272019 [7] Goldman D I, Chen T S, Dudek D M and Full R J J. Exp. Biol. 209 2990 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.023222006 [8] Daley M A and Biewener A A Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103 15681 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.06014731032006 [9] Boland C S, Khan U, Ryan G, Barwich S, Charifou R and Harvey A Science 354 1257 DOI: 10.1126/science.aag28792016 [10] Jeong Y R, Park H, Jin S W, Hong S Y, Lee S S and Ha J S Adv. Funct. Mater. 25 4228 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.2015010002015 [11] Amjadi M, Pichitpajongkit A, Lee S, Ryu S and Park I ACS Nano 8 5154 DOI: 10.1021/nn501204t2014 [12] Hu X H, Yan X, Gong L L and Jiang Y G Acs. Appl. Mater. Inter. 11 7379 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b198242019 [13] Zheng Y L, Lu H Y, Yin W, Tao D S, Shi L C and Tian Y Langmuir 32 10522 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b029222016 [14] Hu L D and Bush J Nature 437 733 DOI: 10.1038/nature039952005 [15] Johnson K L1985 Contact Mechanics Line loading of an elastic half-space (New York: Cambridge University) pp. 11-44 [16] Zheng Y L, Song L, Hu G, Cai X, Liu H G, Ma J Y, Zhao M R and Fang F Z Meas. Sci. Technol. 26 055001 DOI: 10.1088/0957-0233/26/5/0550012015 [17] Song L, Zheng Y L, Hu G, Ma J Y W T, Zhao M R and Fang F Z Instrum. Sci. Technol. 44 386 DOI: 10.1080/10739149.2016.11417842016 [18] Sun P Y, Zhao M R, Jiang J L and Zheng Y L Aip. Adv. 8 015228 DOI: 10.1063/1.50125782018 [19] Wu H Y, Jian W Chin. Phys. B 27 060702 DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/27/6/0607022018 [20] Zhang Y W, Wang J H, Xu Y and Yang D D Chin. Phys. B 28 030501 DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/28/3/0305012019 [21] Jiao Y K, Gorb S N and Scherge M J. Exp. Biol. 2031887 https://jeb.biologists.org/content/203/12/1887.article-info2000
Influence of Boron doping on microcrystalline silicon growth Li Xin-Li(李新利), Chen Yong-Sheng(陈永生), Yang Shi-E(杨仕娥), Gu Jin-Hua(谷锦华), Lu Jing-Xiao(卢景霄), Gao Xiao-Yong(郜小勇), Li Rui(李瑞), Jiao Yue-Chao(焦岳超), Gao Hai-Bo(高海波), and Wang Guo(王果) . Chin. Phys. B, 2011, 20(9): 096801.
Altmetric calculates a score based on the online attention an article receives. Each coloured thread in the circle represents a different type of online attention. The number in the centre is the Altmetric score. Social media and mainstream news media are the main sources that calculate the score. Reference managers such as Mendeley are also tracked but do not contribute to the score. Older articles often score higher because they have had more time to get noticed. To account for this, Altmetric has included the context data for other articles of a similar age.
