Abstract The Lie algebraic method is applied to the analysis of the nonlinear transport of an intense pulsed beam in cylindrically symmetrical electrostatic lenses, and particle orbits in a six-dimensional phase space ($x, p_x, y, p_y, \tau, p_{\tau}$) are obtained in the second order approximation. They can also be acquired in the third or higher order approximation if needed. In the analysis, we divide the electrostatic lenses into several segments. Each segment is considered as a uniform accelerating field, and each dividing point is treated as a thin lens. The particle distribution in a three-dimensional ellipsoid is of Gaussian type.
Received: 25 February 2004
Revised: 31 May 2004
Accepted manuscript online:
Fund: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No 10075005).
Cite this article:
Lü Jian-Qin (吕建钦), Li Jin-Hai (李金海) Lie algebraic analysis for the nonlinear transportof intense pulsed beams in electrostatics lenses 2004 Chinese Physics 13 1665
Altmetric calculates a score based on the online attention an article receives. Each coloured thread in the circle represents a different type of online attention. The number in the centre is the Altmetric score. Social media and mainstream news media are the main sources that calculate the score. Reference managers such as Mendeley are also tracked but do not contribute to the score. Older articles often score higher because they have had more time to get noticed. To account for this, Altmetric has included the context data for other articles of a similar age.