ANALYSES OF OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS FOR FOUR-LEVEL SYSTEM LASER
Huang Li-lei (黄莉蕾)a, Fang Da-wei (方达伟)a, Hong Zhi (洪治)b
a Optoelectronic Divition, China Institute of Metrology, Hangzhou 310034, China; b Department of Optoelectronics Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
Abstract From transition-rate-equations and transmission-equations the formulas of threshold power and slope efficiency of an end-pumped laser for a four-level system are deduced. Citing the laser of Er:YAG as an example, we have discussed the differences of laser output characteristics between the three-and four-level systems.
Received: 23 October 1998
Revised: 17 January 1999
Accepted manuscript online:
PACS:
42.55.Rz
(Doped-insulator lasers and other solid state lasers)
(Resonators, cavities, amplifiers, arrays, and rings)
Fund: Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (Grant No. 694043) and by the State Key Laboratory of Zhejiang University (Grant No. LM01-9806), China.
Cite this article:
Huang Li-lei (黄莉蕾), Fang Da-wei (方达伟), Hong Zhi (洪治) ANALYSES OF OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS FOR FOUR-LEVEL SYSTEM LASER 1999 Acta Physica Sinica (Overseas Edition) 8 449
Altmetric calculates a score based on the online attention an article receives. Each coloured thread in the circle represents a different type of online attention. The number in the centre is the Altmetric score. Social media and mainstream news media are the main sources that calculate the score. Reference managers such as Mendeley are also tracked but do not contribute to the score. Older articles often score higher because they have had more time to get noticed. To account for this, Altmetric has included the context data for other articles of a similar age.