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Hierarchical QAOA circuit design framework for distributed quantum computing |
| Ting-Yu Luo(骆挺宇)1 and Yu-Xin Deng(邓玉欣)1,2,† |
1 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China;
2 School of Computing and Artificial Intelligence, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai 200433, China |
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Abstract The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a promising approach for solving combinatorial optimization problems on real quantum devices. As QAOA scales to tackle larger problem instances, the limited qubit capacity of single-chip systems becomes a critical bottleneck. To overcome this limitation, distributed quantum computing (DQC) provides a scalable solution. However, when QAOA circuits are executed in such systems, their performance is significantly hindered by the high cost of remote communication. Motivated by this challenge, we propose $HiQ$-$DF$, a QAOA circuit design framework tailored for DQC systems. By employing a hierarchical optimization strategy, $HiQ$-$DF$ enables comprehensive multi-objective optimization during circuit construction. Experimental results on QAOA circuits solving MaxCut instances show that our framework significantly outperforms baseline methods, achieving an average reduction of $26.12%$ in EPR pair usage (up to $36.85%$), $26.44%$ in circuit latency (up to $35.27%$), and $39.63%$ in circuit depth (up to $49.3%$).
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Received: 25 June 2025
Revised: 13 August 2025
Accepted manuscript online: 29 August 2025
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PACS:
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03.67.Lx
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(Quantum computation architectures and implementations)
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03.67.Ac
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(Quantum algorithms, protocols, and simulations)
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85.25.-j
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(Superconducting devices)
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| Fund: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 62472175), Shanghai Trusted Industry Internet Software Collaborative Innovation Center, and the “Digital Silk Road” Shanghai International Joint Laboratory of Trustworthy Intelligent Software (Grant No. 22510750100). |
Corresponding Authors:
Yu-Xin Deng
E-mail: yxdeng@msg.sufe.edu.cn
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Cite this article:
Ting-Yu Luo(骆挺宇), and Yu-Xin Deng(邓玉欣) Hierarchical QAOA circuit design framework for distributed quantum computing 2026 Chin. Phys. B 35 040309
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