High resolution inverse synthetic aperture radar imaging of three-axis-stabilized space target by exploiting orbital and sparse priors

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/26/10/108401

Abstract The development of inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging techniques is of notable significance for monitoring, tracking and identifying space targets in orbit. Usually, a well-focused ISAR image of a space target can be obtained in a deliberately selected imaging segment in which the target moves with only uniform planar rotation. However, in some imaging segments, the nonlinear range migration through resolution cells (MTRCs) and time-varying Doppler caused by the three-dimensional rotation of the target would degrade the ISAR imaging performance, and it is troublesome to realize accurate motion compensation with conventional methods. Especially in the case of low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the estimation of motion parameters is more difficult. In this paper, a novel algorithm for high-resolution ISAR imaging of a space target by using its precise ephemeris and orbital motion model is proposed. The innovative contributions are as follows. 1) The change of a scatterer projection position is described with the spatial-variant angles of imaging plane calculated based on the orbital motion model of the three-axis-stabilized space target. 2) A correction method of MTRC in slant-and cross-range dimensions for arbitrarily imaging segment is proposed. 3) Coarse compensation for translational motion using the precise ephemeris and the fine compensation for residual phase errors by using sparsity-driven autofocus method are introduced to achieve a high-resolution ISAR image. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Keywords: space target ISAR imaging MTRC correction sparsity

Received: 23 March 2017
Revised: 25 April 2017
Accepted manuscript online:

PACS:	84.40.Xb	(Telemetry: remote control, remote sensing; radar)
	91.10.Sp	(Satellite orbits)
	84.40.Ua	(Telecommunications: signal transmission and processing; communication satellites)

Fund: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61601496 and 61401024).

Corresponding Authors: Jun-Tao Ma
E-mail: tm0508@sina.com

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Jun-Tao Ma(马俊涛), Mei-Guo Gao(高梅国), Bao-Feng Guo(郭宝锋), Jian Dong(董健), Di Xiong(熊娣), Qi Feng(冯祺) High resolution inverse synthetic aperture radar imaging of three-axis-stabilized space target by exploiting orbital and sparse priors 2017 Chin. Phys. B 26 108401

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High resolution inverse synthetic aperture radar imaging of three-axis-stabilized space target by exploiting orbital and sparse priors

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