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Corrections to atomic ground state energy due to interaction between atomic electric quadrupole and optical field |
| Jie Hu(胡洁)1, Yu Chen(陈宇)1, Yi-Xiu Bai(白伊秀)1, Pei-Song He(何培松)2, Qing Sun(孙青)1, An-Chun Ji(纪安春)1 |
1. Department of Physics, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China;
2. School of Science, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China |
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Abstract We study the ground state energy of an atom interacting with an oscillating optical field with electric dipole and quadrupole coupling. Under the rotating wave approximation, we derive the effective atomic Hamiltonians of the dipole/quadrupole coupling term within the perturbation theory up to the second order. Based on the effective Hamiltonians, we analyze the atomic ground-state energy corrections of these two processes in detail. As an application, we find that for alkali-like atoms, the energy correction from the quadrupole coupling is negligible small in comparison with that from the dipole coupling, which justifies the so-called dipole approximation used in literatures. Some special cases where the quadrupole interaction may have considerable energy corrections are also discussed. Our results would be beneficial for the study of atom-light interaction beyond dipole approximation.
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Received: 14 October 2017
Revised: 30 December 2017
Accepted manuscript online:
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PACS:
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32.90.+a
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(Other topics in atomic properties and interactions of atoms with photons)
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42.50.-p
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(Quantum optics)
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| Fund: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 21503138, 11247324, 61405003, 11604225, 11404225, and 11474205) and the Fund from Beijing Education Committees, China (Grant No. KM201710028004). |
Corresponding Authors:
Jie Hu
E-mail: jie.hu@cnu.edu.cn
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Cite this article:
Jie Hu(胡洁), Yu Chen(陈宇), Yi-Xiu Bai(白伊秀), Pei-Song He(何培松), Qing Sun(孙青), An-Chun Ji(纪安春) Corrections to atomic ground state energy due to interaction between atomic electric quadrupole and optical field 2018 Chin. Phys. B 27 043202
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