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Vortex clusters and their active control in a cold Rydberg atomic system with PT-symmetric Bessel potential |
| Zhuo Fan(范灼)1,2,†, Yi Shi(石逸)1,3,†, Hang Wang(王航)1,3, Yuan Zhao(赵元)1,2, Wei Peng(彭微)1,2,‡, and Siliu Xu(徐四六)1,2,§ |
1 Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensing and Intelligent Control, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China;
2 School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China;
3 School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China |
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Abstract We propose an approach for generating robust two-dimensional (2D) vortex clusters (VCs) in a Rydberg atomic system by utilizing parity-time ($\mathcal{PT}$) symmetric optical Bessel potential. We show that the system supports novel multi-core VCs with four and eight cores, corresponding to topological charges 2 and 4, respectively. The stability of these VCs can be dynamically adjusted through the manipulation of the gain-loss component, Kerr nonlinearities, and the degree of nonlocality inherent in the Rydberg atoms. These VCs are confined within the first lattice well of the Bessel potential, and both the power and width of lights undergo a quasi-periodic breathing phenomenon, which is attributed to the power exchange between the light fields and Bessel potential. Both self-attractive and self-repulsive Kerr interactions can sustain robust VCs within this system. The insights presented here not only facilitate the creation and manipulation of 2D VCs through $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric potentials but also pave the way for potential applications in optical information processing and transmission.
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Received: 29 July 2024
Revised: 16 September 2024
Accepted manuscript online: 27 September 2024
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PACS:
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03.75.Lm
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(Tunneling, Josephson effect, Bose-Einstein condensates in periodic potentials, solitons, vortices, and topological excitations)
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11.30.Er
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(Charge conjugation, parity, time reversal, and other discrete symmetries)
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32.80.Ee
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(Rydberg states)
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| Fund: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 62275075), the Science and Technology Research Program of the Education Department of Hubei Province, China (Grant No. B2022188), the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province, China (Grant No. 2023AFC042), the Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates of Hubei Province, China (Grant No. S202210927003), and the Medical Project of Hubei University of Science and Technology (Grant No. 2023YKY08). |
Corresponding Authors:
Wei Peng, Siliu Xu
E-mail: vivipw7958@163.com;xusiliu1968@163.com
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Cite this article:
Zhuo Fan(范灼), Yi Shi(石逸), Hang Wang(王航), Yuan Zhao(赵元), Wei Peng(彭微), and Siliu Xu(徐四六) Vortex clusters and their active control in a cold Rydberg atomic system with PT-symmetric Bessel potential 2024 Chin. Phys. B 33 120306
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