Finite-key analysis of practical time-bin high-dimensional quantum key distribution with afterpulse effect
Yu Zhou(周雨)1,2, Chun Zhou(周淳)1,2,†, Yang Wang(汪洋)1,2, Yi-Fei Lu(陆宜飞)1,2, Mu-Sheng Jiang(江木生)1,2, Xiao-Xu Zhang(张晓旭)1,2, and Wan-Su Bao(鲍皖苏)1,2,‡
1 Henan Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Cryptography, SSF IEU, Zhengzhou 450001, China; 2 Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
Abstract High-dimensional quantum resources provide the ability to encode several bits of information on a single photon, which can particularly increase the secret key rate rate of quantum key distribution (QKD) systems. Recently, a practical four-dimensional QKD scheme based on time-bin quantum photonic state, only with two single-photon avalanche detectors as measurement setup, has been proven to have a superior performance than the qubit-based one. In this paper, we extend the results to our proposed eight-dimensional scheme. Then, we consider two main practical factors to improve its secret key bound. Concretely, we take the afterpulse effect into account and apply a finite-key analysis with the intensity fluctuations. Our secret bounds give consideration to both the intensity fluctuations and the afterpulse effect for the high-dimensional QKD systems. Numerical simulations show the bound of eight-dimensional QKD scheme is more robust to the intensity fluctuations but more sensitive to the afterpulse effect than the four-dimensional one.
Fund: Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2020YFA0309702), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 62101597, 61605248, 61675235, and 61505261), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2021M691536), the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province, China (Grant Nos. 202300410534 and 202300410532), and the Anhui Initiative Fund in Quantum Information Technologies.
Corresponding Authors:
Chun Zhou, Wan-Su Bao
E-mail: zc@qiclab.cn;bws@qiclab.cn
Cite this article:
Yu Zhou(周雨), Chun Zhou(周淳), Yang Wang(汪洋), Yi-Fei Lu(陆宜飞), Mu-Sheng Jiang(江木生), Xiao-Xu Zhang(张晓旭), and Wan-Su Bao(鲍皖苏) Finite-key analysis of practical time-bin high-dimensional quantum key distribution with afterpulse effect 2022 Chin. Phys. B 31 080303
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